Effect of fulvic acids with different characteristics on biological denitrification
Effect of fulvic acids with different characteristics on biological denitrification
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不同特性黄腐酸对生物反硝化的影响
DOI：
10.1039/c5ra26885k
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发表时间：
2016-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Zheng, Xiong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Yinguang;Su, Yinglong;Wan, Rui;Zheng, Xiong
研究了3种不同化学组成、结构、疏水性和芳香度的黄腐酸(SAFA购自上海阿拉丁试剂公司)、SRFA(苏万尼河黄腐酸来自IHSS)和PPFA(Pahokee泥炭黄腐酸来自IHSS)对生物污水反硝化的影响。结果表明，SAFA显著提高了反硝化效果，而SRFA和PPFA对反硝化效果影响不明显。机理研究表明，SAFA通过刺激参与糖酵解的关键酶(己糖激酶、6-磷酸果糖激酶、甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶和丙酮酸激酶)的活性，显著改善了碳源(葡萄糖)的代谢。葡萄糖利用率的提高导致胞内NADH/NAD+比值增加，有利于微生物反硝化作用。同时，SAFA的存在显着促进了细菌的生长。进一步的研究表明，SAFA还提高了关键的反硝化酶的活性，包括硝酸盐还原酶(NAR)、亚硝酸盐还原酶(NIR)、一氧化氮还原酶(NOR)和一氧化二氮还原酶(N2OR)，从而促进了硝酸盐的还原及其中间产物的转化，特别是亚硝酸盐和一氧化二氮。SAFA的上述积极作用可能归因于其相对分子质量较低，芳香族结构复杂程度较低，且以脂肪碳为主，亲水性强于SRFA和PPFA，从而通过代谢过程调节与反硝化微生物的相互作用更加活跃。更好地了解黄腐酸的分子结构和微生物反硝化活性之间的关系，可能对自然界生态位中的氮循环有实际意义。
The influences of three fulvic acids, referred to as SAFA (purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Reagent Company), SRFA (Suwannee River Fulvic Acid from International Humic Substances Society (IHSS)) and PPFA (Pahokee Peat Fulvic Acid from IHSS), with different chemical composition, structure, hydrophobicity and aromaticity degree on biological wastewater denitrification were investigated. It was found that SAFA remarkably enhanced the denitrification performance, while SRFA and PPFA had no obvious effect. Mechanistic study revealed that SAFA remarkably improved the metabolism of a carbon source (glucose) by stimulating the activities of key enzymes (hexokinase, 6-phosphofructose kinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and pyruvate kinase) involved in glycolysis. The increase of glucose utilization resulted in the increase of intracellular NADH/NAD+ ratio that favored microbial denitrification. Meanwhile the bacterial growth was significantly improved in the presence of SAFA. Further studies revealed that SAFA also increased the activities of key denitrifying enzymes, including nitrate reductase (NAR), nitrite reductase (NIR), nitric oxide reductase (NOR), and nitrous oxide reductase (N2OR), thus enhancing the reduction of nitrate and transformation of its intermediates, especially nitrite and nitrous oxide. All the above positive effects posed by SAFA might be attributed to its lower molecular weight, less complex aromatic structures with predominantly aliphatic carbons and higher hydrophilicity than SRFA and PPFA, which lead to a more active interaction with denitrifying microorganisms via metabolism process regulation. A better knowledge of the relationship between molecular structure of fulvic acids and microbial denitrification activity may be of practical interest in the nitrogen cycle in nature's niches.
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