R-loops trigger the release of cytoplasmic ssDNAs leading to chronic inflammation upon DNA damage.

R-loops trigger the release of cytoplasmic ssDNAs leading to chronic inflammation upon DNA damage.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abj5769
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发表时间:
2021-11-19
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Garinis GA
Garinis GA
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chatzidoukaki O;Stratigi K;Goulielmaki E;Niotis G;Akalestou-Clocher A;Gkirtzimanaki K;Zafeiropoulos A;Altmüller J;Topalis P;Garinis GA

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R-loops lead to chronic inflammation upon DNA damage. How DNA damage leads to chronic inflammation and tissue degeneration with aging remains to be fully resolved. Here, we show that DNA damage leads to cellular senescence, fibrosis, loss-of-tissue architecture, and chronic pancreatitis in mice with an inborn defect in the excision repair cross complementation group 1 (Ercc1) gene. We find that DNA damage-driven R-loops causally contribute to the active release and buildup of single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) in the cytoplasm of cells triggering a viral-like immune response in progeroid and naturally aged pancreata. To reduce the proinflammatory load, we developed an extracellular vesicle (EV)-based strategy to deliver recombinant S1 or ribonuclease H nucleases in inflamed Ercc1−/− pancreatic cells. Treatment of Ercc1−/− animals with the EV-delivered nuclease cargo eliminates DNA damage-induced R-loops and cytoplasmic ssDNAs alleviating chronic inflammation. Thus, DNA damage-driven ssDNAs causally contribute to tissue degeneration, Ercc1−/− paving the way for novel rationalized intervention strategies against age-related chronic inflammation.
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