Neurons in the posterior interposed nucleus of the cerebellum related to vergence and accommodation. I. Steady-state characteristics.
Neurons in the posterior interposed nucleus of the cerebellum related to vergence and accommodation. I. Steady-state characteristics.
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小脑后介入核中的神经元与聚散度和调节有关。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.1998.79.3.1255
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gamlin,PD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang,H;Gamlin,PD
Zhang，Hongyu和Paul D. R.小脑后间核中与聚散和调节相关的神经元。I.稳态特征，神经生理学杂志，79：1255-1269，1998年。本研究采用单单位记录和电微刺激技术，在警觉，训练有素的恒河猴小脑后间置核（IP）的聚散和旋转眼球运动的参与。在IP的一个限定区域内遇到与聚散和眼调节相关的神经元，并对其在观察距离变化过程中的活动进行了表征。这些神经元的活动随着聚散角和调节（远反应）的减少而增加，但在共轭眼位置的变化过程中没有显示出活动的变化，因此我们称它们为“远反应神经元”。在IP的有限区域内发现了远反应神经元，该区域向吻尾侧和内侧延伸0.1 mm，向第四脑室背侧延伸2 mm。用低电流（<30 μA）微刺激IP的这一远反应区，常引起远反应区的发散和调节。37 IP远反应神经元的行为进行了检查，在正常的双眼观看，在单眼观看（模糊线索单独），并在双眼观看调节开环（视差线索单独）。在所有三种条件下调节所有细胞的活性。然而，这些神经元中的一些神经元的活性的变化在这三种观察条件下显着不同。70 IP远反应神经元的行为进行了比较，在正常的双眼观看，并在观看过程中，显着分离的反应从聚散反应。来自这两种条件的数据被合并，并且针对每个神经元的多元回归分析生成两个系数，其分别表示神经元相对于聚散度和重复响应的活性。根据这些系数，神经元的总体活动分为：34个与发散正相关，11个与远调节正相关，14个与发散和远调节正相关，9个与发散和调节正相关，2个与会聚和远调节正相关。本研究的结果表明，在聚散和调节小脑后间核的一个特定区域的参与。IP远反应神经元是活跃的聚散和调节，无论这些眼球运动是否引起模糊或视差线索。本研究中的数据有力地表明，这一小脑区域是一个远反应区域，参与了聚散和旋转性眼球运动。
Zhang, Hongyu and Paul D. R. Gamlin.Neurons in the posterior interposed nucleus of the cerebellum related to vergence and accommodation. I. Steady-state characteristics.J. Neurophysiol.79: 1255–1269, 1998. The present study used single-unit recording and electrical microstimulation techniques in alert, trained rhesus monkeys to examine the involvement of the posterior interposed nucleus (IP) of the cerebellum in vergence and accommodative eye movements. Neurons related to vergence and ocular accommodation were encountered within a circumscribed region of the IP and their activity during changes in viewing distance was characterized. The activity of these neurons increased with decreases in vergence angle and accommodation (the far-response) but none showed changes in activity during changes in conjugate eye position and we therefore term them “far-response neurons.” Far-response neurons were found within a restricted region of the IP that extended ∼1 mm rostrocaudally and mediolaterally and 2 mm dorsal to the fourth ventricle. Microstimulation of this far-response region of the IP with low currents (<30 μA) often elicited divergence and accommodation for far. The behavior of 37 IP far-response neurons was examined during normal binocular viewing, during monocular viewing (blur cue alone), and during binocular viewing with accommodation open-loop (disparity cue alone). The activity of all cells was modulated under all three conditions. However, the change in activity of some of these neurons was significantly different under these three viewing conditions. The behavior of 70 IP far-response neurons was compared during normal binocular viewing and during viewing in which the accommodative response was significantly dissociated from the vergence response. The data from these two conditions was pooled and multiple regression analyses for each neuron generated two coefficients expressing the activity of the neuron relative to the vergence and to accommodative response respectively. On the basis of these coefficients, the overall activity of the neurons were classified as follows: 34 positively correlated with divergence, 11 positively correlated with far accommodation, 14 positively correlated with divergence and far accommodation, 9 positively correlated with divergence and accommodation, and 2 positively correlated with convergence and far accommodation. The results of this study demonstrate the involvement of a specific region of the posterior interposed nucleus of the cerebellum in vergence and accommodation. IP far-response neurons are active for vergence and accommodation irrespective of whether or not these eye movements are elicited by blur or disparity cues. The data in the present study strongly suggest that this cerebellar region is a far-response region that is involved in vergence as well as accommodative eye movements.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
vanKan,PL;Houk,JC;Gibson,AR
通讯作者：
Gibson,AR
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. Milder;R. Reinecke
通讯作者：
R. Reinecke
安非他明、巴比妥类药物和调节趋同。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1963
期刊：
A M A Archives of Ophthalmology
影响因子：
--
作者：
G. Westheimer
通讯作者：
G. Westheimer
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
MORLEY, JW;JUDGE, SJ;LINDSEY, JW
通讯作者：
LINDSEY, JW
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
FUCHS, AF;ROBINSON, FR;STRAUBE, A
通讯作者：
STRAUBE, A