Small RNAs as guardians of the genome.

Small RNAs as guardians of the genome.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2009.01.045
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发表时间:
2009-02-20
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Hannon GJ
Hannon GJ
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Malone CD;Hannon GJ

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转座子遍布所有真核生物基因组。转座子通常被认为是纯粹的基因组寄生虫,也可以使其宿主受益,在基因调控和基因组组织和进化中发挥作用。与移动的元素的和平共处取决于适应性控制机制,因为不受控制的转座子活性会影响长期适应性并急剧降低后代的生育力。在这里,我们回顾了小RNA在真核生物适应与它们的基因组殖民者共存中所发挥的保守作用。对转座子防御途径的理解揭示了基因组区分“自我”和“非自我”并选择性沉默后者的机制中反复出现的主题。
Transposons populate the landscape of all eukaryotic genomes. Often considered purely genomic parasites, transposons can also benefit their hosts, playing roles in gene regulation and in genome organization and evolution. Peaceful coexistence with mobile elements depends upon adaptive control mechanisms, since unchecked transposon activity can impact long-term fitness and acutely reduce the fertility of progeny. Here, we review the conserved roles played by small RNAs in the adaptation of eukaryotes to coexist with their genomic colonists. An understanding of transposon-defense pathways has uncovered recurring themes in the mechanisms by which genomes distinguish “self” from “non-self” and selectively silence the latter.
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