L-Arginine Ameliorates Defective Autophagy in GM2 Gangliosidoses by mTOR Modulation.

L-Arginine Ameliorates Defective Autophagy in GM2 Gangliosidoses by mTOR Modulation.
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L-精氨酸通过mTOR调节改善GM 2神经节苷脂沉积症中的自噬缺陷。

DOI:
10.3390/cells10113122
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发表时间:
2021-11-11
期刊:
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Cordero MD
Cordero MD
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Castejón-Vega B;Rubio A;Pérez-Pulido AJ;Quiles JL;Lane JD;Fernández-Domínguez B;Cachón-González MB;Martín-Ruiz C;Sanz A;Cox TM;Alcocer-Gómez E;Cordero MD

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目的:泰-萨二氏病和桑德霍夫病(GM 2神经节苷脂沉积症)是一种常染色体隐性遗传的溶酶体功能紊乱,可导致婴幼儿进行性神经变性。β-氨基己糖苷酶A(HexA)催化的水解受损导致神经节苷脂GM 2在神经元溶酶体中蓄积。尽管有储存表型,自噬的作用和mTOR对其的调节在神经发病机制中还有待探讨。因此,我们研究了自噬和溶酶体完整性的影响,使用皮肤成纤维细胞获得的患者与泰-萨克斯和桑德霍夫病。结果如下:自噬通量受损的病理性自噬体,通过电子显微镜和生物化学研究证实的异常,揭示成熟组织蛋白酶和HexA加速释放到胞质溶胶中,表明溶酶体通透性增加。GM 2成纤维细胞显示mTOR信号传导减少,基础mTOR活性降低。因此,通过补充L-精氨酸提供正营养信号部分恢复了mTOR活性并改善了细胞病理学异常。创新:我们的数据提供了一种新的GM 2神经节苷脂沉积症的分子机制。溶酶体功能不足引起的自噬损伤可能是这些疾病的新治疗靶点。结论:我们认为,自噬/溶酶体/mTOR相关分子的表达可能被证明是有用的外周生物标志物,可用于监测GM 2神经节苷脂沉积症和影响溶酶体功能并破坏自噬的神经退行性疾病的治疗。
Aims: Tay–Sachs and Sandhoff diseases (GM2 gangliosidosis) are autosomal recessive disorders of lysosomal function that cause progressive neurodegeneration in infants and young children. Impaired hydrolysis catalysed by β-hexosaminidase A (HexA) leads to the accumulation of GM2 ganglioside in neuronal lysosomes. Despite the storage phenotype, the role of autophagy and its regulation by mTOR has yet to be explored in the neuropathogenesis. Accordingly, we investigated the effects on autophagy and lysosomal integrity using skin fibroblasts obtained from patients with Tay–Sachs and Sandhoff diseases. Results: Pathological autophagosomes with impaired autophagic flux, an abnormality confirmed by electron microscopy and biochemical studies revealing the accelerated release of mature cathepsins and HexA into the cytosol, indicating increased lysosomal permeability. GM2 fibroblasts showed diminished mTOR signalling with reduced basal mTOR activity. Accordingly, provision of a positive nutrient signal by L-arginine supplementation partially restored mTOR activity and ameliorated the cytopathological abnormalities. Innovation: Our data provide a novel molecular mechanism underlying GM2 gangliosidosis. Impaired autophagy caused by insufficient lysosomal function might represent a new therapeutic target for these diseases. Conclusions: We contend that the expression of autophagy/lysosome/mTOR-associated molecules may prove useful peripheral biomarkers for facile monitoring of treatment of GM2 gangliosidosis and neurodegenerative disorders that affect the lysosomal function and disrupt autophagy.
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