Functional specialization of ribosomes?

Functional specialization of ribosomes?
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tibs.2010.12.002
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发表时间:
2011-03
影响因子:
13.8
通讯作者:
Gilbert, Wendy V.
Gilbert, Wendy V.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gilbert, Wendy V.

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核糖体是高度保守的大分子机器,负责所有生物体中的蛋白质合成。过去一年发表的研究表明,核糖体核心的变化可以影响细胞中有利的翻译起始机制,可能导致不同蛋白质合成的相对效率发生特定变化。在这里,我检查最近的数据,从表达和蛋白质组学研究表明,细胞在不同的生长条件下,使略有不同的核糖体,并讨论遗传证据,这种差异是功能。特别是,我会认为,真核细胞可能产生的核糖体,缺乏一个或多个“核心”核糖体蛋白(RP)在某些条件下,和“核心”RP有助于不同的mRNA亚群的翻译差异。
Ribosomes are highly conserved macromolecular machines responsible for protein synthesis in all living organisms. Work published in the past year shows that changes to the ribosome core can affect the mechanism of translation initiation that is favored in the cell, potentially leading to specific changes in the relative efficiencies with which different proteins are made. Here I examine recent data from expression and proteomic studies suggesting that cells make slightly different ribosomes under different growth conditions and discuss genetic evidence that such differences are functional. In particular, I will argue that eukaryotic cells likely produce ribosomes that lack one or more ‘core’ ribosomal proteins (RPs) under some conditions, and that ‘core’ RPs contribute differentially to translation of distinct subpopulations of mRNAs.
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