Phase I trial of high dose paracetamol and carmustine in patients with metastatic melanoma.

Phase I trial of high dose paracetamol and carmustine in patients with metastatic melanoma.
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高剂量扑热息痛和卡莫司汀治疗转移性黑色素瘤患者的 I 期试验。

DOI:
10.1097/00008390-200304000-00013
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发表时间:
2003
期刊:
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Chapman,PaulB
Chapman,PaulB
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wolchok,JeddD;Williams,Linda;Pinto,JohnT;Fleisher,Martin;Krown,SusanE;Hwu,Wen-Jen;Livingston,PhilipO;Chang,Christine;Chapman,PaulB

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已提出肿瘤细胞产生还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)作为对烷化剂耐药的机制。高水平的扑热息痛可耗尽细胞内GSH。我们在晚期恶性黑色素瘤患者中进行了一项高剂量对乙酰氨基酚和卡莫司汀(BCNU)的I期试验,以确定最佳生物剂量和最大耐受剂量(MTD),目的是通过GSH耗竭增加对BCNU的敏感性。每组3至5名患者接受递增剂量的对乙酰氨基酚(10、15或20 g/m2),每3周一次。每隔1个周期,在扑热息痛给药后6.5h,N-乙酰半胱氨酸滴注前45 min,给予BCNU(10 mg/m2)。一旦确定了对乙酰氨基酚的MTD,在随后的队列中将BCNU的剂量依次递增至150 mg/m2。谷胱甘肽水平测定外周血单核细胞(PBMC),并在肿瘤活检,如果可用。对乙酰氨基酚的MTD为15 g/m2。BCNU的剂量安全地递增至150 mg/m2。最常见的毒性为II级恶心/呕吐。在15 g/m2时,对乙酰氨基酚峰值水平(中位数253 μg/ml)在1 - 4 h之间达到。PBMCs中的GSH水平未观察到变化。有两种部分缓解,包括肝转移的急剧减少。对乙酰氨基酚(15 g/m2)每3周1次,卡氮芥(150 mg/m2)每6周1次,是安全的。观察到两种部分缓解,因此开展了一项II期研究,以评价高剂量对乙酰氨基酚单药治疗或与BCNU联合治疗。
Reduced glutathione (GSH) production by tumour cells has been proposed as a mechanism for resistance to alkylating agents. High levels of paracetamol can deplete intracellular GSH. We conducted a phase I trial of high dose paracetamol and carmustine (BCNU) in patients with advanced malignant melanoma to determine the optimal biological dose and the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) with the goal of increasing sensitivity to BCNU by GSH depletion. Groups of three to five patients received escalating doses of paracetamol (10, 15 or 20 g/m 2) every 3 weeks. Every other cycle, BCNU (10 mg/m 2) was given 6.5 h after administration of paracetamol and 45 min before a 20 h infusion ofN-acetylcysteine. Once the MTD for paracetamol had been determined, the dose of BCNU was sequentially escalated in subsequent cohorts to 150 mg/m 2. GSH levels were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and, when available, in tumour biopsies. The MTD of paracetamol was 15 g/m 2. The dose of BCNU was safely escalated to 150 mg/m 2. The most common toxicity was grade II nausea/vomiting. At 15 g/m 2, peak paracetamol levels (median 253 μg/ml) were reached between 1 and 4 h. No changes in GSH levels in PBMCs were seen. There were two partial responses, including a dramatic decrease in hepatic metastases. Treatment of melanoma patients with paracetamol (15 g/m 2) every 3 weeks and BCNU (150 mg/m 2) every 6 weeks is safe. The observation of two partial responses has led to a phase II study to evaluate treatment with high dose paracetamol alone or in combination with BCNU.
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