Anti-viral RNA silencing: do we look like plants?

Anti-viral RNA silencing: do we look like plants?
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抗病毒RNA沉默:我们看起来像植物吗?

DOI:
10.1186/1742-4690-3-3
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发表时间:
2006-01-12
期刊:
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Lecellier, Charles-Henri
Lecellier, Charles-Henri
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Saumet, Anne;Lecellier, Charles-Henri

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RNA沉默的抗病毒功能最早是在植物中发现的,它是人工“共抑制”的一种自然表现,是指同源转基因诱导内源基因的灭绝。由于沉默组分在大多数(如果不是全部的话)真核生物中是保守的,因此迅速出现了确定该过程是否在动物(如昆虫和哺乳动物)中实现抗病毒功能的问题。看来,尽管抗病毒过程似乎从植物到昆虫,甚至在蠕虫中类似地保守,但RNA沉默确实影响哺乳动物病毒的复制,但在特定模式中:微(mi)RNA,天然参与翻译控制的内源性小RNA,而不是像其他生物体中的病毒衍生的小干扰(si)RNA。事实上,这些最近的研究甚至表明,RNA沉默可能有利于病毒复制。因此,几种大DNA哺乳动物病毒已显示编码它们自己的miRNA。在这里,我们总结了在病毒感染中涉及RNA沉默的开创性研究,并比较了不同的真核反应。
The anti-viral function of RNA silencing was first discovered in plants as a natural manifestation of the artificial 'co-suppression', which refers to the extinction of endogenous gene induced by homologous transgene. Because silencing components are conserved among most, if not all, eukaryotes, the question rapidly arose as to determine whether this process fulfils anti-viral functions in animals, such as insects and mammals. It appears that, whereas the anti-viral process seems to be similarly conserved from plants to insects, even in worms, RNA silencing does influence the replication of mammalian viruses but in a particular mode: micro(mi)RNAs, endogenous small RNAs naturally implicated in translational control, rather than virus-derived small interfering (si)RNAs like in other organisms, are involved. In fact, these recent studies even suggest that RNA silencing may be beneficial for viral replication. Accordingly, several large DNA mammalian viruses have been shown to encode their own miRNAs. Here, we summarize the seminal studies that have implicated RNA silencing in viral infection and compare the different eukaryotic responses.
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