Lifelong bilingualism contributes to cognitive reserve against white matter integrity declines in aging.
Lifelong bilingualism contributes to cognitive reserve against white matter integrity declines in aging.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.09.037
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发表时间：
2013-11
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Powell, David K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gold, Brian T.;Johnson, Nathan F.;Powell, David K.
最近的证据表明，终身双语能力可能有助于正常衰老时的认知储备(CR)。然而，目前没有神经成像证据表明，终生双语者在面临与年龄相关的神经退化时可以保持正常的认知功能。在这里，我们通过比较老年人终生双语者(N=20)和单语者(N=20)的白质(WM)完整性和灰质(GM)体积模式来探讨这一问题。这些人在一系列相关的认知测试分数以及教育、社会经济地位和智力等既定CR变量上进行了匹配。受试者接受高分辨率结构成像以评估GM体积，并接受弥散张量成像(DTI)以评估WM完整性。结果显示，双语组的几个WM束的显微结构完整性明显降低。尤其是，与单语组相比，双语组双侧下纵束/下额枕束、穹隆和多发部位表现出更低的分数各向异性和/或更高的放射状弥散系数。在GM量方面没有组间差异。我们的研究结果表明，终生双语能力有助于对抗西医完整性的认知随着年龄的增长而下降。
Recent evidence suggests that lifelong bilingualism may contribute to cognitive reserve (CR) in normal aging. However, there is currently no neuroimaging evidence to suggest that lifelong bilinguals can retain normal cognitive functioning in the face of age-related neurodegeneration. Here we explored this issue by comparing white matter (WM) integrity and gray matter (GM) volumetric patterns of older adult lifelong bilinguals (N = 20) and monolinguals (N = 20). The groups were matched on a range of relevant cognitive test scores and on the established CR variables of education, socioeconomic status and intelligence. Participants underwent high-resolution structural imaging for assessment of GM volume and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for assessment of WM integrity. Results indicated significantly lower microstructural integrity in the bilingual group in several WM tracts. In particular, compared to their monolingual peers, the bilingual group showed lower fractional anisotropy and/or higher radial diffusivity in the inferior longitudinal fasciculus/inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus bilaterally, the fornix, and multiple portions of the corpus callosum. There were no group differences in GM volume. Our results suggest that lifelong bilingualism contributes to CR against WM integrity declines in aging.
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