Differential performance of contrasting defensive traits of cocoons of two moth species against bird predation
Differential performance of contrasting defensive traits of cocoons of two moth species against bird predation
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两种蛾类茧对抗鸟类捕食的对比防御特性的差异
DOI：
10.1111/ens.12482
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Nishida T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Furukawa M.;Nakanishi K.;Honma A.;Takakura K.-I.;Matsuyama K.;Hidaka N.;Sawada H.;Nishida T.
猎物对捕食者的防御特性可以分为初级防御（避免被发现）和次级防御（被发现后避免攻击）。考虑到防御的成本，这两种防御特征之间存在权衡。为了量化这两种防御性状对常见捕食者的捕食躲避效果，我们比较了两种荨麻蛾的捕食压力和相应的躲避措施，这两种荨麻蛾采用了不同的躲避策略：以初级防御为主的伞蛾和以次级防御为主的黄刺蛾。野外普查显示，鸟类捕食是这两个物种最重要的死亡因素。蚕茧成活率显著高于对照。flavescensthan forP。5种,althoughM。香味比p更明显。5种。对两种蚁的蛹前蛹质量进行了测定，并对两种蚁的捕食偏好进行了实验，证实了两种蚁的蛹前蛹作为猎物的数量和质量相似。我们的结果解释了茧硬度的优点大于茧明显的缺点。野生鸟类的捕食行为表明，它们处理茧的时间比寻找茧的时间要长得多，这说明了它们对p的偏好。lepidaoverM。最佳觅食理论背景下的黄酮类化合物。结果表明，次生防御比初级防御在减少鸟类捕食方面更有效。
Prey defensive traits against predators can be categorized into primary defense (avoiding detection) and secondary defense (avoiding attack after detection). There are trade‐offs between these two defensive traits, which consider the cost of defense. To quantify the predation avoidance efficacy of both defensive traits against common predators, we compared bird predation pressures and the corresponding avoidance measures of cocoons of two nettle moth species, which utilize contrasting avoidance strategies:Parasa lepida(investing predominantly in primary defense) andMonema flavescens(investing predominantly in secondary defense). Field censuses revealed that bird predation was the most significant mortality factor for both species. The survival rate of cocoons was significantly higher forM. flavescensthan forP. lepida, althoughM. flavescenswere more conspicuous thanP. lepida. Measurement of prepupae (cocoon content) mass, and experiments on the feeding preferences of the prepupae of both species using chicks, confirmed a similar quantity and quality of both speciesʼ prepupae as prey items. Our results were explained by the advantage of cocoon hardness outweighing the disadvantage of cocoon conspicuousness. The predation behavior of wild birds suggested that they spent considerably longer handling than searching for cocoons, which accounted for their cocoon preference forP. lepidaoverM. flavescensin the context of optimal foraging theory. Our results suggested that secondary defense was more effective in reducing bird predation than primary defense in limacodid cocoons.
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DOI：
10.1086/284969
发表时间：
1989-07
期刊：
The American Naturalist
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. Stephens
通讯作者：
D. Stephens
影响因子：
0.5
作者：
ISHII, S;INOKUCHI, T;TOMIZAWA, C
通讯作者：
TOMIZAWA, C
猎物适口性影响捕食者的学习和记忆
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
J. Skelhorn;C. Rowe
通讯作者：
C. Rowe
损害观赏树木的入侵蛴螬（Cramer）的种群动态：茧密度的季节性和年度波动
DOI：
10.11257/jjeez.19.115
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
裕一 沢田
通讯作者：
裕一 沢田
第 3 章 – 昆虫角质层的化学性质
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1974
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Hackman
通讯作者：
R. Hackman