Dopamine, behavioral economics, and effort.
Dopamine, behavioral economics, and effort.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/neuro.08.013.2009
复制
发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Pardo M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Salamone JD;Correa M;Farrar AM;Nunes EJ;Pardo M
大脑多巴胺（DA）系统，特别是伏隔核中的多巴胺系统，直接调节食物等自然刺激的奖励或主要动机特征，这一假设存在许多问题。与中脑边缘 DA 功能相关的研究和理论正在经历重大的概念重组，传统的重点是享乐和初级奖励，让位于其他概念和探究路线。本综述的重点是伏隔核 DA 在行为激活和努力相关过程中的参与。从行为经济学的框架来看，伏隔核DA消耗和对食物强化行为的拮抗作用高度依赖于工具性任务的工作要求，并且DA消耗的大鼠对反应成本（即比率要求）的增加更敏感。此外，对伏隔核 DA 传输的干扰对与努力相关的选择行为产生强大的影响。伏隔核 DA 耗尽或拮抗的老鼠将其工具性行为从具有高反应要求的食物强化任务中重新分配，而是选择了一种不太费力的食物寻求行为。伏隔核 DA 和腺苷在努力相关功能的调节中相互作用，其他大脑结构（前扣带皮层、杏仁核、腹侧苍白球）也参与其中。对调节基于努力的过程的大脑系统的研究可能对理解药物滥用以及与能量相关的疾病（例如精神运动减慢、疲劳或抑郁症和其他神经系统疾病中的无力）具有影响。
There are numerous problems with the hypothesis that brain dopamine (DA) systems, particularly in the nucleus accumbens, directly mediate the rewarding or primary motivational characteristics of natural stimuli such as food. Research and theory related to the functions of mesolimbic DA are undergoing a substantial conceptual restructuring, with the traditional emphasis on hedonia and primary reward yielding to other concepts and lines of inquiry. The present review is focused upon the involvement of nucleus accumbens DA in behavioral activation and effort-related processes. Viewed from the framework of behavioral economics, the effects of accumbens DA depletions and antagonism on food-reinforced behavior are highly dependent upon the work requirements of the instrumental task, and DA depleted rats are more sensitive to increases in response costs (i.e., ratio requirements). Moreover, interference with accumbens DA transmission exerts a powerful influence over effort-related choice behavior. Rats with accumbens DA depletions or antagonism reallocate their instrumental behavior away from food-reinforced tasks that have high response requirements, and instead these rats select a less-effortful type of food-seeking behavior. Nucleus accumbens DA and adenosine interact in the regulation of effort-related functions, and other brain structures (anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala, ventral pallidum) also are involved. Studies of the brain systems regulating effort-based processes may have implications for understanding drug abuse, as well as energy-related disorders such as psychomotor slowing, fatigue or anergia in depression and other neurological disorders.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Bardgett, Mark E.;Depenbrock, Melissa;Downs, Nathan;Points, Megan;Green, Leonard
通讯作者：
Green, Leonard
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Aparicio, Carlos F.
通讯作者：
Aparicio, Carlos F.
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Aparicio, CF
通讯作者：
Aparicio, CF
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
BARRACO, RA;MARTENS, KA;NORMILE, HJ
通讯作者：
NORMILE, HJ
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
BAUM, WM
通讯作者：
BAUM, WM