Mixotrophy drives niche expansion of verrucomicrobial methanotrophs.
Mixotrophy drives niche expansion of verrucomicrobial methanotrophs.
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DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2017.112
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发表时间：
2017-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stott MB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carere CR;Hards K;Houghton KM;Power JF;McDonald B;Collet C;Gapes DJ;Sparling R;Boyd ES;Cook GM;Greening C;Stott MB
好氧甲烷氧化细菌已经进化出一种依赖于甲烷和其他短链碳化合物消耗的特殊生活方式。然而，它们明显的底物特异性与这些微生物在动态环境中的高相对丰度相反，在动态环境中甲烷和氧气的可用性波动。在这项工作中，我们提供了原位和异位的证据表明，疣微生物甲烷氧化菌是mixotrophs。在新西兰Rotokawa的酸性地热田中，疣状微生物占主导地位的土壤群落同时迅速氧化甲烷和氢气。我们从这些土壤中分离和鉴定了一种verrucomatically菌株，Methylacidiphilum sp. RTK17.1，并表明它组成型氧化分子氢。基因组分析证实，该菌株编码两个[NiFe]-氢化酶（组1d和3b），和生化测定显示，它使用氢作为电子供体的有氧呼吸和碳固定。虽然该菌株可以在甲烷上异养生长或在氢气上自养生长，但通过结合这些代谢策略，它可以最佳地生长。氢氧化对于适应甲烷和氧气限制特别重要。作为对Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum SolV最近关于氢营养生长的发现的补充，我们的研究结果表明，疣状微生物甲烷氧化菌已经进化到同时利用地热源的氢和甲烷，以满足营养通量动态的能源和碳需求。这种混合营养的生活方式很可能促进了这些微生物所占据的生态位空间的扩张，使它们在地热影响的表层土壤中占主导地位。编码推定的耐氧摄取[NiFe]-氢化酶的基因在所有公开的甲烷氧化菌基因组中被鉴定，这表明氢氧化是在这个公会中的一般代谢策略。
Aerobic methanotrophic bacteria have evolved a specialist lifestyle dependent on consumption of methane and other short-chain carbon compounds. However, their apparent substrate specialism runs contrary to the high relative abundance of these microorganisms in dynamic environments, where the availability of methane and oxygen fluctuates. In this work, we provide in situ and ex situ evidence that verrucomicrobial methanotrophs are mixotrophs. Verrucomicrobia-dominated soil communities from an acidic geothermal field in Rotokawa, New Zealand rapidly oxidised methane and hydrogen simultaneously. We isolated and characterised a verrucomicrobial strain from these soils, Methylacidiphilum sp. RTK17.1, and showed that it constitutively oxidises molecular hydrogen. Genomic analysis confirmed that this strain encoded two [NiFe]-hydrogenases (group 1d and 3b), and biochemical assays revealed that it used hydrogen as an electron donor for aerobic respiration and carbon fixation. While the strain could grow heterotrophically on methane or autotrophically on hydrogen, it grew optimally by combining these metabolic strategies. Hydrogen oxidation was particularly important for adaptation to methane and oxygen limitation. Complementary to recent findings of hydrogenotrophic growth by Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum SolV, our findings illustrate that verrucomicrobial methanotrophs have evolved to simultaneously utilise hydrogen and methane from geothermal sources to meet energy and carbon demands where nutrient flux is dynamic. This mixotrophic lifestyle is likely to have facilitated expansion of the niche space occupied by these microorganisms, allowing them to become dominant in geothermally influenced surface soils. Genes encoding putative oxygen-tolerant uptake [NiFe]-hydrogenases were identified in all publicly available methanotroph genomes, suggesting hydrogen oxidation is a general metabolic strategy in this guild.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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