The relationship between IQ, memory, executive function, and processing speed in recent-onset psychosis: 1-year stability and clinical outcome.
The relationship between IQ, memory, executive function, and processing speed in recent-onset psychosis: 1-year stability and clinical outcome.
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DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbn100
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发表时间：
2010-03
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Joyce EM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leeson VC;Barnes TR;Harrison M;Matheson E;Harrison I;Mutsatsa SH;Ron MA;Joyce EM
研究通常报告精神病患者在测试一系列认知功能的任务上与对照组相比表现较差，但是，由于这些群体之间目前的智商通常不匹配，因此很难确定这是否代表普遍的缺陷或特定的异常。53例首发精神病患者和53例健康对照者，性别、年龄和全面的当前智商一对一匹配，进行了韦氏成人智力量表（WAIS）子测试，代表知觉组织、言语理解、处理速度和工作记忆以及其他执行功能和情景记忆测试的指数。除了数字符号处理速度外，两组在所有WAIS子测试中表现出相同的表现模式，患者的数字符号处理速度明显更差。患者在与数字符号得分相关的测试中表现也更差，即工作和非文字记忆任务。使用患者实际分测验得分与基于其全量表智商和对照组表现的预测分测验得分之间的差异，计算每例患者每个分测验的标准化残差得分。检查量表评分和残差评分与临床指标的关系。数字符号评分与基线时并发阴性症状评分显著相关，数字符号残留评分显著预测1年随访时残留阴性症状。总之，我们对患者和对照组进行的智商精确匹配的比较显示，近期发作的精神分裂症患者的处理速度减弱，对工作记忆和情景记忆缺陷有显著影响，并且是1年预后不良的预后因素。
Studies commonly report poor performance in psychotic patients compared with controls on tasks testing a range of cognitive functions, but, because current IQ is often not matched between these groups, it is difficult to determine whether this represents a generalized deficit or specific abnormalities. Fifty-three first-episode psychosis patients and 53 healthy controls, one-to-one matched for sex, age, and full-scale current IQ, were compared on Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) subtests representing indices of perceptual organization, verbal comprehension, processing speed, and working memory as well as other tests of executive function and episodic memory. The groups showed an equivalent pattern of performance on all WAIS subtests except digit symbol processing speed, on which the patients were significantly worse. Patients were also worse on measures where performance correlated with digit symbol score, namely working and verbal memory tasks. Standardized residual scores for each subtest were calculated for each patient using the difference between their actual subtest score and a predicted subtest score based on their full-scale IQ and the performance of controls. Scaled scores and residual scores were examined for relationships with clinical measures. Digit symbol–scaled score was significantly correlated with concurrent negative syndrome score at baseline, and digit symbol residual score significantly predicted residual negative symptoms at 1-year follow-up. In summary, our comparison of patients and controls precisely matched for IQ revealed that processing speed was attenuated in recent-onset schizophrenia, contributed significantly to working and episodic memory deficits, and was a prognostic factor for poor outcome at 1 year.
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