Gene duplicates resolving sexual conflict rapidly evolved essential gametogenesis functions.

Gene duplicates resolving sexual conflict rapidly evolved essential gametogenesis functions.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41559-018-0471-0
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发表时间:
2018-04
影响因子:
16.8
通讯作者:
Long M
Long M
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
VanKuren NW;Long M

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男性和女性具有不同的最佳适应度,但绝大多数基因组相同,导致两种性别之间存在固有的遗传冲突,必须解决这一冲突才能实现最大的群体适应度。我们发现,在果蝇中特异发现的两个串联重复基因具有性拮抗作用,但迅速进化出性别特异性功能和表达模式,减轻了它们的拮抗作用。我们使用拷贝特异性敲除和拯救实验来表明,阿波罗除了在发育中发挥重要作用外,对男性生育能力至关重要,但对女性生育能力有害,而阿耳忒弥斯对女性生育能力至关重要,但对男性生育能力有害。进一步的分析表明 Apl 和 Art 在精子发生和卵子发生中具有重要作用。这些复制品形成于约 20 万年前,经历了强烈的选择性清除,并在对抗的性别中失去了大部分表达。这些数据提供了直接证据,表明基因复制可以快速缓解性冲突,从而进化出重要的配子发生功能。
Males and females have different fitness optima but share vast majority of their genomes, causing an inherent genetic conflict between the two sexes that must be resolved to achieve maximal population fitness. We show that two tandem duplicate genes found specifically in Drosophila melanogaster are sexually antagonistic, but rapidly evolved sex-specific functions and expression patterns that mitigate their antagonistic effects. We use copy-specific knockouts and rescue experiments to show that Apollo is essential for male fertility but detrimental to female fertility, in addition to its important role in development, while Artemis is essential for female fertility but detrimental to male fertility. Further analyses show that Apl and Art have essential roles in spermatogenesis and oogenesis. These duplicates formed ~200,000 years ago, underwent a strong selective sweep and lost most expression in the antagonized sex. These data provide direct evidence that gene duplication allowed rapid mitigation of sexual conflict to evolve essential gametogenesis functions.
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