Estimating the mental health costs of racial discrimination.
Estimating the mental health costs of racial discrimination.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/s12889-016-3868-1
复制
发表时间：
2016-11-29
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Paradies Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elias A;Paradies Y
种族歧视是美国等几个发达国家普遍存在的社会问题，英国、和澳大利亚公共卫生研究还表明，种族歧视与消极健康之间存在一系列关联，特别是精神健康，包括抑郁症，焦虑症和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。然而，种族歧视对健康的直接负面影响迄今尚未计算成本，尽管经济学家此前曾估计过与健康无关的间接生产力成本。在这项研究中，我们估计了因种族歧视而造成的疾病负担，并衡量了这种暴露的成本。使用流行率调查和数据的关联，种族歧视与健康结果的全球荟萃分析，我们采用疾病的成本方法来衡量种族歧视的影响。这一估计数表明了种族歧视造成的直接健康成本，我们根据传统参数将估计数转换为货币价值。种族歧视使澳大利亚经济损失了235，452残疾调整寿命年，相当于每年379亿澳元，约占2001 - 2011年年度国内生产总值的3.02%，这表明经济损失相当大。由于种族歧视与消极的健康结果（如抑郁、焦虑和创伤后应激障碍）有关，种族歧视的流行率上升，造成了大量费用。这意味着，通过针对种族歧视的措施，可以节省大量费用。我们的研究有助于对种族歧视的社会影响的辩论，与解决它的政策和努力的影响。
Racial discrimination is a pervasive social problem in several advanced countries such as the U.S., U.K., and Australia. Public health research also indicates a range of associations between exposure to racial discrimination and negative health, particularly, mental health including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the direct negative health impact of racial discrimination has not been costed so far although economists have previously estimated indirect non-health related productivity costs. In this study, we estimate the burden of disease due to exposure to racial discrimination and measure the cost of this exposure. Using prevalence surveys and data on the association of racial discrimination with health outcomes from a global meta-analysis, we apply a cost of illness method to measure the impact of racial discrimination. This estimate indicates the direct health cost attributable to racial discrimination and we convert the estimates to monetary values based on conventional parameters. Racial discrimination costs the Australian economy 235,452 in disability adjusted life years lost, equivalent to $37.9 billion per annum, roughly 3.02% of annual gross domestic product (GDP) over 2001–11, indicating a sizeable loss for the economy. Substantial cost is incurred due to increased prevalence of racial discrimination as a result of its association with negative health outcomes (e.g. depression, anxiety and PTSD). This implies that potentially significant cost savings can be made through measures that target racial discrimination. Our research contributes to the debate on the social impact of racial discrimination, with implications for policies and efforts addressing it.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
--
作者：
Davies, HTO;Crombie, IK;Tavakoli, M
通讯作者：
Tavakoli, M
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Bertrand, M;Mullainathan, S
通讯作者：
Mullainathan, S
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Gee, Gilbert;Walsemann, Katrina
通讯作者：
Walsemann, Katrina
DOI：
10.1007/s00406-002-0381-6
发表时间：
2002-10-01
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Angst, J;Gamma, A;Tylee, A
通讯作者：
Tylee, A
DOI：
10.1590/s0102-311x2013000300004
发表时间：
2013-03-01
期刊：
Cadernos de Saúde Pública
影响因子：
--
作者：
Goto, Janaina Brugnera;Couto, Paulo Francisco Mastella;Bastos, João Luiz
通讯作者：
Bastos, João Luiz