The establishment and maintenance of dominance hierarchies

The establishment and maintenance of dominance hierarchies
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统治等级的建立和维护

DOI:
10.1098/rstb.2020.0450
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Weise, Chloe
Weise, Chloe
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tibbetts, Elizabeth A.;Pardo-Sanchez, Juanita;Weise, Chloe

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动物群体通常是按等级组织的,占统治地位的个体比从属个体优先获得资源和繁殖。最初的统治等级的形成可能受到多种相互作用的因素的影响,包括动物的个体属性,习俗和自组织的社会动态。在确立之后,等级制度通常会长期维持,因为个人通过承认和遵守既定的支配关系,节省了时间和精力,并减少了受伤的风险。一套单独的行为被用来维持群体内的支配关系,包括稳定等级的行为(惩罚、威胁、行为不对称),以及提供关于支配等级的信息的信号(个人身份信号、支配信号)。在这篇综述中,我们描述了用于建立和维持不同类群和类型的社会统治阶层的行为。我们还审查了未来研究的机会,包括:测试自组织行为动力学如何与其他因素相互作用,以调解支配等级的形成,衡量社会等级的长期稳定性和破坏等级稳定性的因素,将表型可塑性纳入我们对层级行为动力学的理解,并考虑认知如何与用于建立和维持层级的行为共同进化。这篇文章是主题问题的一部分“啄食秩序的百年:支配等级制度研究的现状和未来前景”。
Animal groups are often organized hierarchically, with dominant individuals gaining priority access to resources and reproduction over subordinate individuals. Initial dominance hierarchy formation may be influenced by multiple interacting factors, including an animal's individual attributes, conventions and self-organizing social dynamics. After establishment, hierarchies are typically maintained over the long-term because individuals save time, energy and reduce the risk of injury by recognizing and abiding by established dominance relationships. A separate set of behaviours are used to maintain dominance relationships within groups, including behaviours that stabilize ranks (punishment, threats, behavioural asymmetry), as well as signals that provide information about dominance rank (individual identity signals, signals of dominance). In this review, we describe the behaviours used to establish and maintain dominance hierarchies across different taxa and types of societies. We also review opportunities for future research including: testing how self-organizing behavioural dynamics interact with other factors to mediate dominance hierarchy formation, measuring the long-term stability of social hierarchies and the factors that disrupt hierarchy stability, incorporating phenotypic plasticity into our understanding of the behavioural dynamics of hierarchies and considering how cognition coevolves with the behaviours used to establish and maintain hierarchies.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The centennial of the pecking order: current state and future prospects for the study of dominance hierarchies’.
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