Understanding the lifestyles and pathogenicity mechanisms of obligate biotrophic fungi in wheat: The emerging genomics era
Understanding the lifestyles and pathogenicity mechanisms of obligate biotrophic fungi in wheat: The emerging genomics era
复制标题
了解小麦专性生物营养真菌的生活方式和致病机制：新兴的基因组学时代
DOI：
10.1016/j.cj.2017.11.003
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发表时间：
2017-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhensheng Kang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chunlei Tang;Qiang Xu;Mengxin Zhao;Xiaojie Wang;Zhensheng Kang
专性生物营养真菌会引起严重和广泛的作物病害，但由于不能在体外培养，因此研究具有挑战性。小麦锈病和白粉病是寄生小麦的两类重要的生物营养真菌，但其特有的生物营养生活方式和致病机理在分子水平上还不是很清楚。随着下一代测序技术的出现，越来越多的病原体基因组成为可能。植物病理学研究进入了一个新的基因组学时代。本文从病原菌基因组学的角度综述了近年来对侵染小麦的生养真菌病原菌的生物学和致病机理的研究进展。在基因组测序、无毒基因克隆、效应子发现和致病基因组学等方面，我们重点对三种小麦锈菌和白粉菌进行了研究。我们预测，对小麦及其病原菌的协同研究将揭示这些真菌的生物营养适应、致病机制和种群动态的新见解，这将有助于开发新的策略，培育具有持久抗性的小麦品种。
Obligate biotrophic fungi cause serious and widespread diseases of crop plants, but are challenging to investigate because they cannot be culturedin vitro. The two economically important groups of biotrophic fungi parasitizing wheat are the rust and powdery mildew pathogens, but their obligate biotrophic lifestyles and pathogenicity mechanisms are not well understood at the molecular level. With the advent of next generation sequencing technology, increasing numbers of pathogen genomes are becoming available. Research in plant pathology has entered a new genomics era. This review summarizes recent progress in understanding the biology and pathogenesis of biotrophic fungal pathogens attacking wheat based on pathogen genomics. We particularly focus on the three wheat rust and the powdery mildew fungi in regard to genome sequencing, avirulence gene cloning, effector discovery, and pathogenomics. We predict that coordinated study of both wheat and its pathogens should reveal new insights in biotrophic adaptation, pathogenicity mechanisms, and population dynamics of these fungi that will assist in development of new strategies for breeding wheat varieties with durable resistance.
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