Lignocellulose degradation mechanisms across the Tree of Life.
Lignocellulose degradation mechanisms across the Tree of Life.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.10.018
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发表时间：
2015-12
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Zimmer M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cragg SM;Beckham GT;Bruce NC;Bugg TD;Distel DL;Dupree P;Etxabe AG;Goodell BS;Jellison J;McGeehan JE;McQueen-Mason SJ;Schnorr K;Walton PH;Watts JE;Zimmer M
生物体使用涉及多个互补酶，特别是糖苷水解酶（GH）的多种机制来解构木质纤维素。由细菌和真菌产生的溶解性多糖单加氧酶（LPMO）促进解构，就像褐腐真菌的芬顿化学一样。木质素解聚是通过白腐真菌和某些细菌使用过氧化物酶和漆酶来实现的。元组学正在揭示原核生物在富含木质纤维素的环境中降解活性的复杂性。白蚁肠道原生生物和一些卵菌产生多种木质纤维素分解酶。消耗木质纤维素的动物分泌一些生长激素，但大多数动物都有多种分泌酶的肠道微生物群落，这种共生关系在白蚁中特别复杂。然而，船虫、室内GH分泌细菌和LPMO分泌细菌与消化位点分离，而等足类Limnoria仅依赖于内源性酶。组学革命正在确定许多新的酶和生物质解构的范例，但需要更多地强调功能，特别是对于酶鸡尾酒，其中LPMO可能发挥重要作用。
Organisms use diverse mechanisms involving multiple complementary enzymes, particularly glycoside hydrolases (GHs), to deconstruct lignocellulose. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) produced by bacteria and fungi facilitate deconstruction as does the Fenton chemistry of brown-rot fungi. Lignin depolymerisation is achieved by white-rot fungi and certain bacteria, using peroxidases and laccases. Meta-omics is now revealing the complexity of prokaryotic degradative activity in lignocellulose-rich environments. Protists from termite guts and some oomycetes produce multiple lignocellulolytic enzymes. Lignocellulose-consuming animals secrete some GHs, but most harbour a diverse enzyme-secreting gut microflora in a mutualism that is particularly complex in termites. Shipworms however, house GH-secreting and LPMO-secreting bacteria separate from the site of digestion and the isopod Limnoria relies on endogenous enzymes alone. The omics revolution is identifying many novel enzymes and paradigms for biomass deconstruction, but more emphasis on function is required, particularly for enzyme cocktails, in which LPMOs may play an important role.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1323629111
发表时间：
2014-04-29
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Agger, Jane W.;Isaksen, Trine;Westereng, Bjorge
通讯作者：
Westereng, Bjorge
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
de Gannes, Vidya;Eudoxie, Gaius;Hickey, William J.
通讯作者：
Hickey, William J.
影响因子：
4
作者：
Brown, Margaret E.;Barros, Tiago;Chang, Michelle C. Y.
通讯作者：
Chang, Michelle C. Y.
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Ahmad, Mark;Roberts, Joseph N.;Bugg, Timothy D. H.
通讯作者：
Bugg, Timothy D. H.
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Busk PK;Lange L
通讯作者：
Lange L