Chromosome structural anomalies due to aberrant spindle forces exerted at gene editing sites in meiosis.

Chromosome structural anomalies due to aberrant spindle forces exerted at gene editing sites in meiosis.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.201806072
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发表时间:
2018-10-01
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Verlhac MH
Verlhac MH
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Manil-Ségalen M;Łuksza M;Kanaan J;Marthiens V;Lane SIR;Jones KT;Terret ME;Basto R;Verlhac MH

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Acentrosomal spindle assembly in mouse oocytes depends on chromosomes and acentriolar microtubule-organizing centers (aMTOCs). Manil-Ségalen et al. observe that Plk4-induced perturbation of aMTOCs coupled to Cre-mediated gene editing generates fragile chromosomes that break when subjected to forces exerted by altered meiosis I spindles. Mouse female meiotic spindles assemble from acentriolar microtubule-organizing centers (aMTOCs) that fragment into discrete foci. These are further sorted and clustered to form spindle poles, thus providing balanced forces for faithful chromosome segregation. To assess the impact of aMTOC biogenesis on spindle assembly, we genetically induced their precocious fragmentation in mouse oocytes using conditional overexpression of Plk4, a master microtubule-organizing center regulator. Excessive microtubule nucleation from these fragmented aMTOCs accelerated spindle assembly dynamics. Prematurely formed spindles promoted the breakage of three different fragilized bivalents, generated by the presence of recombined Lox P sites. Reducing the density of microtubules significantly diminished the extent of chromosome breakage. Thus, improper spindle forces can lead to widely described yet unexplained chromosomal structural anomalies with disruptive consequences on the ability of the gamete to transmit an uncorrupted genome.
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