A “toy model” analysis of causes of nitrogen limitation in terrestrial ecosystems

A “toy model” analysis of causes of nitrogen limitation in terrestrial ecosystems
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陆地生态系统氮限制原因的“玩具模型”分析

DOI:
10.1007/s10533-022-00959-z
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Menge, Duncan N. L.
Menge, Duncan N. L.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vitousek, Peter M.;Treseder, Kathleen K.;Howarth, Robert W.;Menge, Duncan N. L.

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氮(N)对净初级生产力的限制是普遍存在的,并影响生态系统对全球环境变化许多组成部分的响应。逻辑和简单的模拟(Vitousek和Fieldin in Biogeochemistry 46:179-202,1999)和分析模型(Menge in Ecosystem 14:519-532,2011)表明,生态系统内生物体无法控制的形式的N损失和阻止该过程响应N缺乏的生物固氮(BNF)的障碍的共同发生对于N限制的发展和持续是必要的。模型集中在生物不可用的形式溶解的有机氮的浸出损失的连续过程中,但在这里,我们使用一个简单的模拟模型来表明,铵和硝酸盐的不连续损失,通常形式的N的损失生物体可以控制,可以是不可控的生物体,可以在现实条件下的N限制。这些不连续的损失可能是由降水的时间变化或生态系统水平的干扰,如收获,火灾和风吹造成的。随着人为气候变化的进行,降水的时间变化可能会增加,并在造成氮损失方面变得越来越重要。我们还表明,在这里模拟的条件下,差异强烈放牧的N-和P-丰富的共生固氮生物是最重要的障碍,生物固氮氮缺乏的反应。
Nitrogen (N) limitation to net primary production is widespread and influences the responsiveness of ecosystems to many components of global environmental change. Logic and both simple simulation (Vitousek and Fieldin in Biogeochemistry 46: 179–202, 1999) and analytical models (Menge in Ecosystems 14:519–532, 2011) demonstrate that the co-occurrence of losses of N in forms that organisms within an ecosystem cannot control and barriers to biological N fixation (BNF) that keep this process from responding to N deficiency are necessary for the development and persistence of N limitation. Models have focused on the continuous process of leaching losses of dissolved organic N in biologically unavailable forms, but here we use a simple simulation model to show that discontinuous losses of ammonium and nitrate, normally forms of N whose losses organisms can control, can be uncontrollable by organisms and can contribute to N limitation under realistic conditions. These discontinuous losses can be caused by temporal variation in precipitation or by ecosystem-level disturbance like harvest, fire, and windthrow. Temporal variation in precipitation is likely to increase and to become increasingly important in causing N losses as anthropogenic climate change proceeds. We also demonstrate that under the conditions simulated here, differentially intense grazing on N- and P-rich symbiotic N fixers is the most important barrier to the responsiveness of BNF to N deficiency.
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DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0711411105
发表时间: 2008-02-05
影响因子: 11.1
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在一般类型的生态系统模型中氮可以限制稳态净初级生产的条件
DOI: --
发表时间: 2011
期刊: Ecosystems
影响因子: 3.7
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