Prenatal substance exposure and child self-regulation: Pathways to risk and protection.
Prenatal substance exposure and child self-regulation: Pathways to risk and protection.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jecp.2015.02.007
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Colder CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eiden RD;Godleski S;Schuetze P;Colder CR
研究了产前可卡因暴露（PCE）与儿童通过母亲严厉和语言发展进行自我调节之间关系的概念模型。具体来说，该模型测试了 PCE 是否直接或通过母亲的严厉程度和语言发育不良与自我调节相关。还探讨了儿童性别、自主反应性和累积环境风险作为潜在调节因素的作用。该样本是在出生时招募的 216 名母子二人组，并在 2、7、13、24、36 和 48 个月龄时进行评估。参与的母亲主要是非裔美国人（72%）。结果表明，PCE 与 36 个月大时母亲的严厉程度较高所导致的儿童努力控制之间存在显着的间接关联。自主反应性调节了母亲的严厉与自我调节之间的关联，因此，在自主反应性较差的儿童中，母亲的严厉性高与 3 岁时的良心较低相关。儿童性别和环境风险并没有调节 PCE 和自我调节之间的关联。因此，护理体验的质量对 PCE 儿童的自我调节能力的发展起着重要作用，尤其是那些自主神经风险较高的儿童。特别是，自主神经反应性较差的 PCE 儿童可能特别容易受到环境影响，例如养育方式。
A conceptual model of the association between prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) and child self-regulation via maternal harshness and language development was examined. Specifically, the model tested whether PCE was associated with self-regulation either directly or indirectly via high maternal harshness and poor language development. The role of child sex, autonomic reactivity, and cumulative environmental risk as potential moderators was also explored. The sample was 216 mother-child dyads recruited at birth and assessed at 2, 7, 13, 24, 36, and 48 months of child ages. Participating mothers were primarily African American (72%). Results indicated a significant indirect association between PCE and child effortful control at 36 months via higher maternal harshness. Autonomic reactivity moderated the association between maternal harshness and self-regulation, such that among children with poor autonomic reactivity, high maternal harshness was associated with lower conscience at 3 years. Child sex and environmental risk did not moderate the association between PCE and self-regulation. Thus, the quality of caregiving experience played a significant role in the development of self-regulation among PCE children, especially those at higher autonomic risk. In particular, PCE children who also exhibit poor autonomic reactivity may be particularly susceptible to environmental influences such as parenting.
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