RNA sequencing reveals sexually dimorphic gene expression before gonadal differentiation in chicken and allows comprehensive annotation of the W-chromosome.
RNA sequencing reveals sexually dimorphic gene expression before gonadal differentiation in chicken and allows comprehensive annotation of the W-chromosome.
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RNA测序揭示了鸡在性腺分化之前的性二态基因表达，并允许对W-染色体的全面注释。
DOI：
10.1186/gb-2013-14-3-r26
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发表时间：
2013-03-25
期刊：
影响因子：
12.3
通讯作者：
Smith CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ayers KL;Davidson NM;Demiyah D;Roeszler KN;Grützner F;Sinclair AH;Oshlack A;Smith CA
鸟类具有ZZ雄性：ZW雌性性染色体系统，虽然与z相关的DMRT1基因是睾丸发育所必需的，但鸟类性别决定的确切机制尚不清楚。这在一定程度上是由于W染色体的注释不准确，据推测，W染色体携带一个女性的行列式。很少有基因被映射到W上，对它们的表达也知之甚少。我们使用RNA-seq技术对鸡胚皮和胚胎性腺在性分化前的基因表达进行了全面分析。我们发现在性腺激素发生前两种组织中有性二态基因的表达，包括性连锁基因和常染色体基因。这支持了一种假设，即鸟类在分子水平上的性别分化至少部分是细胞自主的。不同的基因组在两种组织中存在性别二态性，表明分子性别分化是组织特异性的。进一步的分析允许组装26个W染色体基因的全长转录本，提供了胚胎组织中W转录组的观点。这是对早期鸟类胚胎中w连锁基因及其表达谱的首次广泛分析。鸡在分子水平上的性分化是在胚胎发生早期，性腺性别分化之前建立的。我们发现W染色体的转录活性比之前认为的要高，将已知基因的数量扩大到26个，并给出了这些W基因的完整编码序列。这包括两个新的W连锁序列和三个从Un_Random染色体重新分配到W的小rna。
Birds have a ZZ male: ZW female sex chromosome system and while the Z-linked DMRT1 gene is necessary for testis development, the exact mechanism of sex determination in birds remains unsolved. This is partly due to the poor annotation of the W chromosome, which is speculated to carry a female determinant. Few genes have been mapped to the W and little is known of their expression. We used RNA-seq to produce a comprehensive profile of gene expression in chicken blastoderms and embryonic gonads prior to sexual differentiation. We found robust sexually dimorphic gene expression in both tissues pre-dating gonadogenesis, including sex-linked and autosomal genes. This supports the hypothesis that sexual differentiation at the molecular level is at least partly cell autonomous in birds. Different sets of genes were sexually dimorphic in the two tissues, indicating that molecular sexual differentiation is tissue specific. Further analyses allowed the assembly of full-length transcripts for 26 W chromosome genes, providing a view of the W transcriptome in embryonic tissues. This is the first extensive analysis of W-linked genes and their expression profiles in early avian embryos. Sexual differentiation at the molecular level is established in chicken early in embryogenesis, before gonadal sex differentiation. We find that the W chromosome is more transcriptionally active than previously thought, expand the number of known genes to 26 and present complete coding sequences for these W genes. This includes two novel W-linked sequences and three small RNAs reassigned to the W from the Un_Random chromosome.
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影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Axelsson, E;Smith, NGC;Ellegren, H
通讯作者：
Ellegren, H
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1996.0239
发表时间：
1996-12-22
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Ellegren, H
通讯作者：
Ellegren, H
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.95.14.8147
发表时间：
1998-07-07
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Fridolfsson, AK;Cheng, H;Ellegren, H
通讯作者：
Ellegren, H
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
McCarthy DJ;Chen Y;Smyth GK
通讯作者：
Smyth GK
影响因子：
2
作者：
Clinton, M;Haines, L;McBride, D
通讯作者：
McBride, D