Noise, multisensory integration, and previous response in perceptual disambiguation.
Noise, multisensory integration, and previous response in perceptual disambiguation.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005546
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发表时间：
2017-07
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Ernst MO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parise CV;Ernst MO
关于世界状态的感官信息通常是模糊的。了解神经系统如何解决这种模糊性来推断世界的实际状态是感觉神经科学的核心任务。然而，感知消歧的计算原理仍然知之甚少：是什么驱使感知在多个同样有效的解决方案之间做出决策？在这里，我们研究人类如何收集和联合收割机的感官信息内和跨模态消除歧义的运动知觉在一个模糊的视听显示，其中两个移动的刺激可能会出现通过流，或反弹对方。通过将心理物理分类任务与反向相关分析相结合，我们确定了特定的时空刺激模式，分别引起流或反弹。在此基础上，我们开发并测试了一种用于单感官和多感官感知消歧的计算模型，该模型紧密复制了人类的表现。具体地，消歧依赖于包含动态视觉显示中的运动能量的特征模式的原型弹跳事件的知识。接下来，视觉信息与听觉线索和关于最近感知解释的历史的先验知识线性整合。更重要的是，我们证明了模糊显示的感知决策是由噪声系统驱动的，其随机模式不仅促进交替，而且还提供了类似信号的信息，以高度可预测的方式使感知产生偏差。感官信息通常是模糊的，并且单一的感官模态通常不能提供足够的信息来明确地指定世界的实际状态。因此，大脑的主要任务是解决感知模糊性。在这里，我们使用一个动态的视听歧义显示嵌入在噪声中，研究感知消歧的计算机制。结果表明，大脑首先通过运动检测器提取视觉信息进行感知消歧。这些信息接下来通过加权平均与听觉信息和最近感知历史的记忆相结合，以确定最终的感知。这项研究揭示了特定的时空刺激模式，分别引起流或反弹的感觉，它表明，感知消歧主要是受噪声，其随机时空模式提供的信号一样的信息，偏见的看法，在一个非常系统的方式。
Sensory information about the state of the world is generally ambiguous. Understanding how the nervous system resolves such ambiguities to infer the actual state of the world is a central quest for sensory neuroscience. However, the computational principles of perceptual disambiguation are still poorly understood: What drives perceptual decision-making between multiple equally valid solutions? Here we investigate how humans gather and combine sensory information–within and across modalities–to disambiguate motion perception in an ambiguous audiovisual display, where two moving stimuli could appear as either streaming through, or bouncing off each other. By combining psychophysical classification tasks with reverse correlation analyses, we identified the particular spatiotemporal stimulus patterns that elicit a stream or a bounce percept, respectively. From that, we developed and tested a computational model for uni- and multi-sensory perceptual disambiguation that tightly replicates human performance. Specifically, disambiguation relies on knowledge of prototypical bouncing events that contain characteristic patterns of motion energy in the dynamic visual display. Next, the visual information is linearly integrated with auditory cues and prior knowledge about the history of recent perceptual interpretations. What is more, we demonstrate that perceptual decision-making with ambiguous displays is systematically driven by noise, whose random patterns not only promote alternation, but also provide signal-like information that biases perception in highly predictable fashion. Sensory information is generally ambiguous, and a single sensory modality most often cannot provide enough information to univocally specify the actual state of the world. A primary task for the brain is therefore to resolve perceptual ambiguity. Here we use a dynamic audiovisual ambiguous display embedded in noise to investigate the computational mechanisms of perceptual disambiguation. Results demonstrate that the brain first extracts visual information for perceptual disambiguation through motion detectors. Such information is next combined with auditory information–and memory of recent perceptual history–through weighted averaging to determine the final percept. This study revealed the particular spatiotemporal stimulus patterns that elicit a stream or a bounce percept, respectively, and it demonstrates that perceptual disambiguation is majorly affected by noise, whose random spatiotemporal patterns provide signal-like information that bias perception in a very systematic fashion.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Kim, YJ;Grabowecky, M;Suzuki, S
通讯作者：
Suzuki, S
影响因子：
1.2
作者：
Laing, CR;Chow, CC
通讯作者：
Chow, CC
DOI：
10.1037/a0013031
发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Grassi, Massimo;Casco, Clara
通讯作者：
Casco, Clara
影响因子：
25
作者：
Bushara, KO;Hanakawa, T;Hallett, M
通讯作者：
Hallett, M
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Lankheet, Martin J. M.
通讯作者：
Lankheet, Martin J. M.