Evolution of responses to (un)fairness.
Evolution of responses to (un)fairness.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.1251776
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发表时间:
2014-10-17
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
de Waal FB
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brosnan SF;de Waal FB
The human sense of fairness is an evolutionary puzzle. To study this, we can look to other species, in which this can be translated empirically into responses to reward distribution. Passive and active protest against receiving less than a partner for the same task is widespread in species that cooperate outside kinship and mating bonds. There is less evidence that nonhuman species seek to equalize outcomes to their own detriment, yet the latter has been documented in our closest relatives, the apes. This reaction probably reflects an attempt to forestall partner dissatisfaction with obtained outcomes and its negative impact on future cooperation. We hypothesize that it is the evolution of this response that allowed the development of a complete sense of fairness in humans, which aims not at equality for its own sake but for the sake of continued cooperation.
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