The transcription factor RUNX2 regulates receptor tyrosine kinase expression in melanoma.

The transcription factor RUNX2 regulates receptor tyrosine kinase expression in melanoma.
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DOI:
10.18632/oncotarget.8822
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发表时间:
2016-05-17
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Cohen-Solal KA
Cohen-Solal KA
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Boregowda RK;Medina DJ;Markert E;Bryan MA;Chen W;Chen S;Rabkin A;Vido MJ;Gunderson SI;Chekmareva M;Foran DJ;Lasfar A;Goydos JS;Cohen-Solal KA

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以受体酪氨酸激酶为基础的自分泌环在很大程度上激活了黑色素瘤中的MAPK和PI3K/AKT通路。然而,产生这些自分泌环路的分子机制在很大程度上仍不清楚。在本研究中,我们研究了转录因子RUNX2在黑色素瘤受体酪氨酸激酶(RTK)表达调控中的作用。我们已经证明,RUNX2基因缺失的黑色素瘤细胞显示出三种受体酪氨酸激酶的显著减少,即表皮生长因子受体、胰岛素样生长因子-1R和血小板衍生生长因子受体β。此外,我们发现RUNX2和另一种RTK AXL在黑色素瘤细胞和黑色素瘤患者样本中共同表达。我们观察到当RUNX2基因敲除导致显著的RTK下调时,磷酸化AKT2(S474)和磷酸化AKT(T308)水平降低。最后,我们发现在耐BRAF V600E抑制剂PLX4720的黑色素瘤细胞中,RUNX2的表达显著上调,同时EGFR、IGF-1R和Axl的表达也随之上调。综上所述,我们的结果有力地表明,RUNX2可能是基于RTK的自分泌环路中的关键角色,也可能是黑色素瘤中涉及RTK上调调控的BRAF V600E抑制剂耐药性的中介。
Receptor tyrosine kinases-based autocrine loops largely contribute to activate the MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways in melanoma. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in generating these autocrine loops are still largely unknown. In the present study, we examine the role of the transcription factor RUNX2 in the regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) expression in melanoma. We have demonstrated that RUNX2-deficient melanoma cells display a significant decrease in three receptor tyrosine kinases, EGFR, IGF-1R and PDGFRβ. In addition, we found co-expression of RUNX2 and another RTK, AXL, in both melanoma cells and melanoma patient samples. We observed a decrease in phosphoAKT2 (S474) and phosphoAKT (T308) levels when RUNX2 knock down resulted in significant RTK down regulation. Finally, we showed a dramatic up regulation of RUNX2 expression with concomitant up-regulation of EGFR, IGF-1R and AXL in melanoma cells resistant to the BRAF V600E inhibitor PLX4720. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that RUNX2 might be a key player in RTK-based autocrine loops and a mediator of resistance to BRAF V600E inhibitors involving RTK up regulation in melanoma.
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