Methylphenidate improves response inhibition but not reflection-impulsivity in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Methylphenidate improves response inhibition but not reflection-impulsivity in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
复制标题
哌醋甲酯改善了注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童的反应抑制，但不能改善反射冲突。
DOI：
10.1007/s00213-008-1337-y
复制
发表时间：
2009-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Sahakian, Barbara J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DeVito, Elise E.;Blackwell, Andrew D.;Clark, Luke;Kent, Lindsey;Dezsery, Anna Maria;Turner, Danielle C.;Aitken, Michael R. F.;Sahakian, Barbara J.
关键词：
冲动是注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的主要特征，被认为是与该障碍相关的许多认知和行为症状的基础。一些冲动性指标的损害已被证明对药物治疗有反应。然而，冲动性是一个多因素的结构，不同形式的冲动性在多大程度上导致ADHD的损伤或对药物治疗的反应仍不清楚。本研究的目的是评估哌甲酯（MPH）对ADHD儿童反射冲动和反应抑制的影响，并与健康志愿者的表现进行比较。21名被诊断患有ADHD的男孩（7-13岁）接受了MPH（0.5 mg/kg）的双盲，安慰剂对照试验，在此期间，他们执行了信息采样任务（IST）和停止信号任务。一个健康的年龄和教育相匹配的对照组在没有药物的情况下进行了同样的测试。ADHD儿童的反应抑制的措施受损，但没有表现出反射冲动的IST。然而，尽管他们的信息量与同龄人相似，ADHD组做出了更多糟糕的决定。MPH改善了反应抑制和反应的可变性的措施，但不影响反射冲动或决策质量的措施。MPH对ADHD儿童两种形式的冲动性有不同的影响，并且未能改善他们在信息抽样测试中的不良决策。
Impulsivity is a cardinal feature of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which is thought to underlie many of the cognitive and behavioural symptoms associated with the disorder. Impairments on some measures of impulsivity have been shown to be responsive to pharmacotherapy. However, impulsivity is a multi-factorial construct and the degree to which different forms of impulsivity contribute to impairments in ADHD or respond to pharmacological treatments remains unclear. The aims of the study were to assess the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on the performance of children with ADHD on measures of reflection–impulsivity and response inhibition and to compare with the performance of healthy volunteers. Twenty-one boys (aged 7–13 years) diagnosed with ADHD underwent a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of MPH (0.5 mg/kg) during which they performed the Information Sampling Task (IST) and the Stop Signal Task. A healthy age- and education-matched control group was tested on the same measures without medication. Children with ADHD were impaired on measures of response inhibition, but did not demonstrate reflection–impulsivity on the IST. However, despite sampling a similar amount of information as their peers, the ADHD group made more poor decisions. MPH improved performance on measures of response inhibition and variability of response, but did not affect measures of reflection–impulsivity or quality of decision-making. MPH differentially affected two forms of impulsivity in children with ADHD and failed to ameliorate their poor decision-making on the information sampling test.
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影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Aron, AR;Poldrack, RA
通讯作者：
Poldrack, RA
影响因子：
3
作者：
Lijffijt, M;Bekker, E M;Verbaten, M N
通讯作者：
Verbaten, M N
影响因子：
4
作者：
DRAKE, DM
通讯作者：
DRAKE, DM
DOI：
10.1097/00004583-200402000-00015
发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Konrad, K;Günther, T;Herpertz-Dahlmann, B
通讯作者：
Herpertz-Dahlmann, B
影响因子：
7.8
作者：
Lijffijt, Marijn;Kenemans, J. Leon;van Engeland, Herman
通讯作者：
van Engeland, Herman