Predominant leptospiral serogroups circulating among humans, livestock and wildlife in Katavi-Rukwa ecosystem, Tanzania.
Predominant leptospiral serogroups circulating among humans, livestock and wildlife in Katavi-Rukwa ecosystem, Tanzania.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0003607
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发表时间：
2015-03
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Kazwala RR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Assenga JA;Matemba LE;Muller SK;Mhamphi GG;Kazwala RR
钩端螺旋体病是一种世界性的人畜共患疾病，也是一个严重的、报告不足的公共卫生问题，特别是在坦桑尼亚的农村地区。在Katavi-Rukwa生态系统中，人类、牲畜和野生动物生活得很近，这使它们面临包括钩端螺旋体病在内的一些人畜共患传染病的风险。在坦桑尼亚西南部Katavi地区进行了一项横断面流行病学研究，以确定钩端螺旋体属在人类、家养反刍动物和野生动物中的血清阳性率。从人（n = 267）、牛（n = 1，103）、山羊（n = 248）、水牛（n = 38）、斑马（n = 2）、狮子（n = 2）、啮齿动物（n = 207）和鼩 鼱（n = 11）中采集血样。使用显微镜凝集试验（MAT）检测倾析血清中抗6个钩端螺旋体属活血清群的抗体，临界点≥ 1：160。钩体抗体阳性率分别为人29.96%、牛30.37%、山羊8.47%、水牛28.95%、啮齿类动物20.29%、鼩 鼱 9.09%。此外，狮子的两个样本中有一个是血清阳性。牛与山羊的患病率差异显著（P<0.05）。在人类或任何抽样动物物种中，未观察到年龄和性别方面的流行率有显著差异。具有钩端螺旋体属抗体的最普遍血清群是Sejroe、Hebdomadis、流感伤寒、黄疸出血和南方型，在人类、牛、山羊和水牛中检测到; Sejroe和流感伤寒，在狮子中检测到;南方型、黄疸出血和流感伤寒，在啮齿动物中检测到;以及南方型，在鼩 鼱中检测到。仅在人类中检测到Ballum血清群的抗体。这项研究的结果表明，钩端螺旋体抗体在Katavi-Rukwa生态系统的人类、牲畜和野生动物中广泛流行。该疾病对研究地区的经济和公共卫生构成严重威胁。这项流行病学研究提供了关于流行血清群的信息，这对于制定减少疾病传播风险的干预措施至关重要。钩端螺旋体病是一种世界性疾病，也是一种重要的人畜共患病，尤其是在发展中国家。亚临床感染的啮齿类动物在自然界中保持钩端螺旋体，一些从原发性钩端螺旋体感染中恢复的啮齿类动物可能在其余生中通过尿液释放细菌。这些啮齿类动物是动物和人类感染钩端螺旋体的潜在来源。非啮齿类哺乳动物也可能是动物和人类感染钩端螺旋体的宿主。在全球范围内，动物和人类钩端螺旋体病已被归因于啮齿动物。在坦桑尼亚许多地区，包括Katavi-Rukwa生态系统，对家畜、人类、野生动物和啮齿动物发生这种疾病的了解有限。对生态系统中的牛、山羊、人类、水牛、斑马、狮子、啮齿动物和鼩 鼱进行的血清学检查显示，存在Sejroe、Hebdomadis、Grippotyphosa、黄疸出血、Australis和Ballum血清群的抗体。这些血清群不仅感染它们通常的宿主，还感染其他动物物种，这些动物物种反过来又可以作为这些血清群的宿主感染其他动物和人类。这项研究表明，在Katavi-Rukwa生态系统的家畜，人类，野生动物，啮齿动物和鼩 鼱的钩端螺旋体血清型的分布。目前的研究结果将有助于制定适当的干预措施，以预防或减轻家畜、人类、野生动物、啮齿动物和鼩 鼱感染的影响。我们的研究结果还表明，人类和动物群体都有感染的风险。
Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease and a serious, under-reported public health problem, particularly in rural areas of Tanzania. In the Katavi-Rukwa ecosystem, humans, livestock and wildlife live in close proximity, which exposes them to the risk of a number of zoonotic infectious diseases, including leptospirosis. A cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out in the Katavi region, South-west Tanzania, to determine the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp in humans, domestic ruminants and wildlife. Blood samples were collected from humans (n = 267), cattle (n = 1,103), goats (n = 248), buffaloes (n = 38), zebra (n = 2), lions (n = 2), rodents (n = 207) and shrews (n = 11). Decanted sera were tested using the Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) for antibodies against six live serogroups belonging to the Leptospira spp, with a cutoff point of ≥ 1:160. The prevalence of leptospiral antibodies was 29.96% in humans, 30.37% in cattle, 8.47% in goats, 28.95% in buffaloes, 20.29% in rodents and 9.09% in shrews. Additionally, one of the two samples in lions was seropositive. A significant difference in the prevalence P<0.05 was observed between cattle and goats. No significant difference in prevalence was observed with respect to age and sex in humans or any of the sampled animal species. The most prevalent serogroups with antibodies of Leptospira spp were Sejroe, Hebdomadis, Grippotyphosa, Icterohaemorrhagie and Australis, which were detected in humans, cattle, goats and buffaloes; Sejroe and Grippotyphosa, which were detected in a lion; Australis, Icterohaemorrhagie and Grippotyphosa, which were detected in rodents; and Australis, which was detected in shrews. Antibodies to serogroup Ballum were detected only in humans. The results of this study demonstrate that leptospiral antibodies are widely prevalent in humans, livestock and wildlife from the Katavi-Rukwa ecosystem. The disease poses a serious economic and public health threat in the study area. This epidemiological study provides information on circulating serogroups, which will be essential in designing intervention measures to reduce the risk of disease transmission. Leptospirosis is a disease of worldwide significance, and it is also an important zoonotic disease, particularly in developing countries. Subclinically infected rodents maintain leptospires in nature, and some that recover from the primary leptospiral infection may release the bacterium in their urine for the rest of their lives. These rodents serve as a potential source of leptospiral infection to animals and humans. Non-rodent mammals can also be reservoirs of leptospiral infection to animals and humans. Globally, animal and human leptospirosis has been attributed to rodents. There is limited knowledge on the occurrence of the disease in domestic animals, humans, wildlife and rodents in many parts of Tanzania, including the Katavi-Rukwa ecosystem. Serological examination of cattle, goats, humans, buffaloes, zebra, lions, rodents and shrews in the ecosystem revealed the presence of antibodies to serogroups Sejroe, Hebdomadis, Grippotyphosa, Icterohaemorrhagie, Australis and Ballum. These serogroups infect not only their usual hosts but also other animal species, which can in turn act as reservoirs of these serogroups to other animals and humans. This study demonstrates the distribution of leptospiral serogroups in domestic animals, humans, wildlife, rodents and shrews in the Katavi-Rukwa ecosystem. The results of the current study will help in developing appropriate interventions for preventing or mitigating the impacts of infections in domestic animals, humans, wildlife, rodents and shrews. Our results also suggest that human and animal populations are at risk of contracting the infection.
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影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Jansen A;Luge E;Guerra B;Wittschen P;Gruber AD;Loddenkemper C;Schneider T;Lierz M;Ehlert D;Appel B;Stark K;Nöckler K
通讯作者：
Nöckler K
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Katakweba, Abdul A. S.;Mulungu, Loth S.;Belmain, Steven R.
通讯作者：
Belmain, Steven R.
DOI：
10.1128/aem.25.6.976-980.1973
发表时间：
1973-01-01
期刊：
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
COLE, JR;SULZER, CR;PURSELL, AR
通讯作者：
PURSELL, AR
DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0393
发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Felt, Stephen A.;Wasfy, Momtaz O.;Pimentel, Guillermo
通讯作者：
Pimentel, Guillermo
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Evangelista KV;Coburn J
通讯作者：
Coburn J