Alignment as a consequence of expectation adaptation: syntactic priming is affected by the prime's prediction error given both prior and recent experience.
Alignment as a consequence of expectation adaptation: syntactic priming is affected by the prime's prediction error given both prior and recent experience.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2012.10.013
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发表时间：
2013-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Snider NE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jaeger TF;Snider NE
演讲者表现出一种明显的倾向，即将自己的作品与对话者的作品保持一致。聚焦于句子的产生，我们研究了这种对齐背后的认知系统(句法启动)。我们的指导性假设是，句法启动是语言处理系统的结果，该系统被组织起来以在不断变化的(主观上不固定的)环境中实现有效的交际。我们以最近的工作为基础，这些工作表明，理解者应该适应当前环境的统计数据。如果这种顺应是理性的或近乎理性的，那么说话者在处理质句后对句法结构的期望的适应程度应该对处理质句时所经历的预测错误敏感。这一预测被某些基于错误的内隐学习账户所认同，但不被大多数其他关于句法启动的账户所认同。在三项研究中，我们根据对话语音、图片描述时的语音和句子完成时的书面输出数据来检验这一预测。所有这三项研究都发现，质数的句法启动越强，预测误差就越大(句法惊奇程度越高的质数)。我们发现，相关的预测误差对实验中的先前和最近的经验都很敏感。与其他发现一起，这支持了将句法启动归因于预期适应的解释。
Speakers show a remarkable tendency to align their productions with their interlocutors’. Focusing on sentence production, we investigate the cognitive systems underlying such alignment (syntactic priming). Our guiding hypothesis is that syntactic priming is a consequence of a language processing system that is organized to achieve efficient communication in an ever-changing (subjectively non-stationary) environment. We build on recent work suggesting that comprehenders adapt to the statistics of the current environment. If such adaptation is rational or near-rational, the extent to which speakers adapt their expectations for a syntactic structure after processing a prime sentence should be sensitive to the prediction error experienced while processing the prime. This prediction is shared by certain error-based implicit learning accounts, but not by most other accounts of syntactic priming. In three studies, we test this prediction against data from conversational speech, speech during picture description, and written production during sentence completion. All three studies find stronger syntactic priming for primes associated with a larger prediction error (primes with higher syntactic surprisal). We find that the relevant prediction error is sensitive to both prior and recent experience within the experiment. Together with other findings, this supports accounts that attribute syntactic priming to expectation adaptation.
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