Employment Industry and Occupational Class in Relation to Serious Psychological Distress in the United States.
Employment Industry and Occupational Class in Relation to Serious Psychological Distress in the United States.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph19148376
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发表时间：
2022-07-08
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jackson, Chandra L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gullett, Lauren R.;Alhasan, Dana M.;Jackson, W. Braxton, II;Jackson, Chandra L.
关键词：
职业特征可能会影响严重的心理困扰（SPD），并有助于健康的不平等，然而，很少有研究已经检查了多个就业行业和职业类在一个大的，种族多样化的美国样本。使用全国健康访谈调查的数据，我们调查了就业行业和职业类别与总体人口中的SPD以及种族/民族，性别，年龄，家庭收入和健康状况的关系。我们创建了八个就业行业类别：专业/行政/管理、农业/制造/建筑、零售贸易、金融/信息/真实的房地产、教育服务、医疗保健/社会援助、住宿/餐饮服务和公共行政/艺术/其他服务。我们还创建了三个职业类别：专业/管理，支持服务和劳动者。使用Kessler心理困扰量表测量SPD，评分≥13表示SPD。我们调整了混杂因素，并使用泊松回归估计患病率（PR）和95%置信区间（CI）。在245，038名参与者中，平均年龄为41.7 ± 0.1岁，73%为非西班牙裔（NH）-白色，1.5%被归类为SPD。与专业/行政/管理行业相比，在其他行业工作（例如，制造业/建筑业（PR = 0.82 [95%CI：0.70-0.95]）和教育服务业（PR = 0.79 [95%CI：0.66-0.94]）与较低的SPD相关。与专业/管理职位相比，从事支持服务和劳动者的SPD患病率均高出19%（95% CI：1.04-1.35; 95% CI：1.04-1.38）。此外，在大多数就业行业，在支持服务或劳动者与专业/管理职位的工作与更高的SPD相关。有必要采取针对具体行业的工作场所干预措施，以公平地改善心理健康。
Occupational characteristics may influence serious psychological distress (SPD) and contribute to health inequities; yet, few studies have examined multiple employment industries and occupational classes in a large, racially diverse sample of the United States. Using data from the National Health Interview Survey, we investigated employment industry and occupational class in relation to SPD in the overall population and by race/ethnicity, gender, age, household income, and health status. We created eight employment industry categories: professional/administrative/management, agricultural/manufacturing/construction, retail trade, finance/information/real estate, educational services, health care/social assistance, accommodation/food services, and public administration/arts/other services. We also created three occupational class categories: professional/management, support services, and laborers. SPD was measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale and scores ≥13 indicated SPD. We adjusted for confounders and used Poisson regression to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Among the 245,038 participants, the mean age was 41.7 ± 0.1 years, 73% were Non-Hispanic (NH)-White, and 1.5% were categorized as having SPD. Compared to the professional/administrative/management industry, working in other industries (e.g., manufacturing/construction (PR = 0.82 [95% CI: 0.70–0.95]) and educational services (PR = 0.79 [95% CI: 0.66–0.94])) was associated with lower SPD. Working in support services and laborer versus professional/management positions were both associated with 19% higher prevalence of SPD (95% CI: 1.04–1.35; 95% CI: 1.04–1.38, respectively). Furthermore, working in a support services or laborer versus professional/management position was associated with higher SPD in most employment industries. Industry-specific workplace interventions to equitably improve mental health are warranted.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17217857
发表时间：
2020-10-27
影响因子：
--
作者：
Giorgi G;Lecca LI;Alessio F;Finstad GL;Bondanini G;Lulli LG;Arcangeli G;Mucci N
通讯作者：
Mucci N
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Linnan, Laura A.;Cluff, Laurie;Leff, Maija S.
通讯作者：
Leff, Maija S.
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Jackson CL;Kawachi I;Redline S;Juon HS;Hu FB
通讯作者：
Hu FB
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Contreras Z;Ngo V;Pulido M;Washburn F;Meschyan G;Gluck F;Kuguru K;Reporter R;Curley C;Civen R;Terashita D;Balter S;Halai UA
通讯作者：
Halai UA
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Burgard, Sarah A.;Lin, Katherine Y.
通讯作者：
Lin, Katherine Y.