Poverty and perceived stress: Evidence from two unconditional cash transfer programs in Zambia.
Poverty and perceived stress: Evidence from two unconditional cash transfer programs in Zambia.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.01.023
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发表时间：
2017-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zambia CGP and MCP Evaluation Teams
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hjelm L;Handa S;de Hoop J;Palermo T;Zambia CGP and MCP Evaluation Teams
贫穷是一种慢性压力源，可导致身心健康不良。本研究探讨是否有两个类似的政府扶贫计划，降低了赞比亚贫困家庭的压力和贫困水平。从两个集群随机对照试验的次要数据被用来评估两个无条件的现金转移计划在赞比亚的影响。参与者在基线时接受了采访，并随访了36个月。使用科恩感知压力量表（PSS）评估女性护理人员的感知压力。评估的贫困指标包括人均支出、家庭粮食安全和（非生产性）资产所有权。固定效应和普通最小二乘回归，控制年龄，教育，婚姻状况，家庭人口统计学，位置和贫困状况在基线运行。现金转移并没有减少人们感觉到的压力，但改善了经济安全（人均消费支出、粮食不安全和资产所有权）。在这些贫穷指标中，只有粮食不安全与感受到的压力有关。年龄和教育程度与压力没有一致的联系，而家庭成员的死亡与更高的压力水平有关。在这种情况下，感受到的压力并没有因收入的增加而减少，而是与粮食不安全和家庭死亡有关，这表明粮食安全是这方面的一个重要压力源。虽然该计划确实减少了粮食不安全，但减少的规模不足以在压力水平上产生统计学上的显著变化。在这项研究中使用的措施似乎是不相关的特征，它已被链接到其他设置，因此，需要进一步的研究，以检查这种广泛使用的感知压力措施是否适当地捕捉到这一人群的感知压力的概念。
Poverty is a chronic stressor that can lead to poor physical and mental health. This study examines whether two similar government poverty alleviation programs reduced the levels of perceived stress and poverty among poor households in Zambia. Secondary data from two cluster randomized controlled trials were used to evaluate the impacts of two unconditional cash transfer programs in Zambia. Participants were interviewed at baseline and followed over 36 months. Perceived stress among female caregivers was assessed using the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Poverty indicators assessed included per capita expenditure, household food security, and (nonproductive) asset ownership. Fixed effects and ordinary least squares regressions were run, controlling for age, education, marital status, household demographics, location, and poverty status at baseline. Cash transfers did not reduce perceived stress but improved economic security (per capita consumption expenditure, food insecurity, and asset ownership). Among these poverty indicators, only food insecurity was associated with perceived stress. Age and education showed no consistent association with stress, whereas death of a household member was associated with higher stress levels. In this setting, perceived stress was not reduced by a positive income shock but was correlated with food insecurity and household deaths, suggesting that food security is an important stressor in this context. Although the program did reduce food insecurity, the size of the reduction was not enough to generate a statistically significant change in stress levels. The measure used in this study appears not to be correlated with characteristics to which it has been linked in other settings, and thus, further research is needed to examine whether this widely used perceived stress measure appropriately captures the concept of perceived stress in this population.
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Addo AA;Marquis GS;Lartey AA;Pérez-Escamilla R;Mazur RE;Harding KB
通讯作者：
Harding KB
DOI：
10.1093/qje/qjw025
发表时间：
2016-11
期刊：
The quarterly journal of economics
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
Shapiro J
影响因子：
5
作者：
COHEN, S;KAMARCK, T;MERMELSTEIN, R
通讯作者：
MERMELSTEIN, R
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Hamad, R.;Fernald, L. C. H.;Zinman, J.
通讯作者：
Zinman, J.
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Hadley, Craig;Patil, Crystal L.
通讯作者：
Patil, Crystal L.