Effects of dietary carbohydrate and lipid levels on growth and hepatic lipid deposition of juvenile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus
Effects of dietary carbohydrate and lipid levels on growth and hepatic lipid deposition of juvenile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus
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膳食碳水化合物和脂质水平对罗非鱼幼鱼生长和肝脏脂质沉积的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2017.07.013
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发表时间：
2017-10
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Guoxing Ni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dizhi Xie;Liping Yang;Ruomeng Yu;Fang Chen;Ronghua Lu;Chaobin Qin;Guoxing Ni
高碳水化合物（CHO）和高脂（L）饲料作为主要的非蛋白质能量来源，在水产养殖中被广泛应用，以降低成本，但同时也造成了鱼类肝脏中脂质的过度积累。目前尚不清楚哪一种（脂质或碳水化合物）对肝脏脂质蓄积的影响更大。为研究饲料中碳水化合物和脂肪水平对尼罗罗非鱼肝脏脂质沉积的影响，配制了6种不同碳水化合物和脂肪水平的饲料（碳水化合物水平为11.2%~54.24%，脂肪水平为21.51%~2.70%，即饲料中CHO：L为0.52：1~20.09：1），饲喂尼罗罗非鱼8周。在饲养试验后，在CHO：L比为1.95、3.41和6.40的组中观察到高特定生长率（SGR）。肝体指数和内脏指数随日粮CHO：L比例的增加而增加。在CHO：L比为6.40和20.09的组中观察到低血清TG、CHL和HDL水平。肝脏组织学显示，饲料CHO：L比为3.41和6.40的鱼比其他饲料喂养的鱼有更多的肝脂滴。肝脏基因表达数据表明，thecd36转录水平受到饮食CHO：L比的显著影响，在CHO：L比为3.41和6.40的D4和D5饲料中表达最高。高胆固醇比饲料组肝脏脂肪生成基因（fas、acc-α和dgat 2）的转录水平较高，而脂肪酸β-氧化基因（cpt 1和acox 1）的表达水平较低。肝脏apoB100的表达也随着饲料CHO：L比例的升高而下调。这些结果表明，饲料中碳水化合物对罗非鱼肝脏脂肪积累的影响比饲料中脂肪更大。高CHO：L比（> 3.41）通过增加肝脏脂肪生成、降低脂肪酸β-氧化和脂蛋白清除率，促进肝脏脂肪沉积，从生长性能和健康状况考虑，饲料CHO：L比在1.95左右比较适合罗非鱼养殖。本研究结果对提高罗非鱼对饲料中脂肪和碳水化合物的利用率，以获得更好的营养效率具有重要意义。
As the major non-protein energy sources, high carbohydrate (CHO) and lipid (L) diets have been widely used in aquaculture to reduce cost, but they also caused excessive lipid accumulation in the fish liver. It is not yet clear which, lipid or carbohydrate, is a greater influence on hepatic lipid accumulation. To study the effects of dietary carbohydrate and lipid levels on hepatic lipid deposition in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), six diets with different carbohydrate and lipid levels (carbohydrate level ranged from 11.2% to 54.24%, while lipid level ranged from 21.51% to 2.70%, namely, the dietary CHO:L ratios ranged from 0.52:1 to 20.09:1) were formulated and fed to tilapia for 8 weeks. After the feeding trial, high specific growth rate (SGR) was observed in the groups with the CHO:L ratio of 1.95, 3.41 and 6.40. Hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic index increased as dietary CHO:L ratios increased. Low serum TG, CHL and HDL levels was observed in the groups with the CHO:L ratio of 6.40 and 20.09. Hepatic histology showed that the fish fed with dietary CHO:L ratios of 3.41 and 6.40 have more hepatic lipid droplets than fish fed with other diets. Hepatic gene expression data indicated that thecd36transcript levels were significantly affected by dietary CHO:L ratios, with the highest expression in fish fed D4 and D5 with CHO:L ratio of 3.41 and 6.40. Higher transcript levels of lipogenic genes (fas,acc-αanddgat2) were observed in the liver of fish fed with high CHO:L ratio diets, whereas FA β-oxidation genes (cpt1andacox1) expression were depressed in liver. HepaticapoB100expression was also down-regulated with the high dietary CHO:L ratios. These results suggested that dietary carbohydrates have a stronger effect on hepatic lipid accumulation than dietary lipids in tilapia. High dietary CHO:L ratios (> 3.41) accelerated the hepatic lipid deposition by increasingde novolipogenesis and reducing FA β-oxidation and lipoprotein clearance in the liver, and diet with around 1.95 CHO:L ratio is suitable for tilapia culture concerning the growth performance and health. The present results will be of great significance in improving the utilization of dietary lipid and carbohydrate to achieve better nutrition efficiency in tilapia.
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DOI：
10.1002/(sici)1099-0895(199812)14:4
发表时间：
1998-12
期刊：
Diabetes/metabolism reviews
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. J. Randle
通讯作者：
P. J. Randle
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
ELSAYED, AFM;GARLING, DL
通讯作者：
GARLING, DL
影响因子：
6.5
作者：
I. Viegas;I. Jarak;J. Rito;R. Carvalho;I. Metón;M. Pardal;I. Baanante;John G. Jones
通讯作者：
I. Viegas;I. Jarak;J. Rito;R. Carvalho;I. Metón;M. Pardal;I. Baanante;John G. Jones
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Tocher, Douglas R.
通讯作者：
Tocher, Douglas R.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0905235106
发表时间：
2009-09-08
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Naylor, Rosamond L.;Hardy, Ronald W.;Nichols, Peter D.
通讯作者：
Nichols, Peter D.