The Current Progresses in the Genes and Networks Regulating Cotton Plant Architecture.
The Current Progresses in the Genes and Networks Regulating Cotton Plant Architecture.
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棉花植株结构基因和网络调控的最新进展
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2022.882583
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Ma, Bin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, Xianzhong;Liu, Hui;Ma, Bin
棉花是世界上最重要的天然纤维来源，也是食用油的主要来源。棉花株型和开花时间是影响棉花产量和机械化收获效率的关键因素。在模式植物拟南芥中，与株高、花序结构和开花时间相关的基因的功能已得到充分研究。在番茄、水稻等模式作物中，类似的遗传探索极大地增强了这些作物的经济效益。棉属植物具有无限生长的多年生植物特征，栽培的异源四倍体棉、陆地棉和海岛棉具有复杂的分枝模式。本文综述了棉花基因组中影响棉花体型和开花时间的基因鉴定以及阐明其与分枝模式、分枝角度、果枝长度和株高相关的功能机制的最新进展。本文主要从以下几个方面进行综述：(i)植物激素信号转导通路； (ii) 棉花株型 QTL 和 PEBP 基因家族成员的鉴定； (iii) FT/SFT和SP基因的功能； (iv)成花剂和抗成花剂系统。我们强调需要进一步研究的领域，并应为改良棉花品种的有针对性的生物工程奠定基础，这些品种的开花时间、植物结构、生长习性和产量更适合现代机械化种植。
Cotton is the most important source of natural fiber in the world as well as a key source of edible oil. The plant architecture and flowering time in cotton are crucial factors affecting cotton yield and the efficiency of mechanized harvest. In the model plant arabidopsis, the functions of genes related to plant height, inflorescence structure, and flowering time have been well studied. In the model crops, such as tomato and rice, the similar genetic explorations have greatly strengthened the economic benefits of these crops. Plants of the Gossypium genus have the characteristics of perennials with indeterminate growth and the cultivated allotetraploid cottons, G. hirsutum (Upland cotton), and G. barbadense (Sea-island cotton), have complex branching patterns. In this paper, we review the current progresses in the identification of genes affecting cotton architecture and flowering time in the cotton genome and the elucidation of their functional mechanisms associated with branching patterns, branching angle, fruit branch length, and plant height. This review focuses on the following aspects: (i) plant hormone signal transduction pathway; (ii) identification of cotton plant architecture QTLs and PEBP gene family members; (iii) functions of FT/SFT and SP genes; (iv) florigen and anti-florigen systems. We highlight areas that require further research, and should lay the groundwork for the targeted bioengineering of improved cotton cultivars with flowering times, plant architecture, growth habits and yields better suited for modern, mechanized cultivation.
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