Transformation of the Radial Glia Scaffold Demarcates Two Stages of Human Cerebral Cortex Development.

Transformation of the Radial Glia Scaffold Demarcates Two Stages of Human Cerebral Cortex Development.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuron.2016.09.005
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发表时间:
2016-09-21
期刊:
影响因子:
16.2
通讯作者:
Kriegstein AR
Kriegstein AR
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nowakowski TJ;Pollen AA;Sandoval-Espinosa C;Kriegstein AR

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The classic view of cortical development, embodied in the radial unit hypothesis highlights the ventricular radial glia (vRG) scaffold as a key architectonic feature of the developing neocortex. The scaffold includes continuous fibers spanning the thickness of the developing cortex during neurogenesis across mammals. However, we find that in humans, the scaffold transforms into a physically discontinuous structure during the transition from infragranular to supragranular neuron production. As a consequence of this transformation, supragranular layer neurons arrive at their terminal positions in the cortical plate along outer radial glia (oRG) cell fibers. In parallel, the radial glia that contact the ventricle develop a distinct “truncated” morphology and a unique gene expression profile. We propose a supragranular layer expansion hypothesis that posits a deterministic role of oRG cells in the radial and tangential expansion of supragranular layers in primates, with implications for patterns of neuronal migration, area patterning, and cortical folding.
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