Update on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis B: AASLD 2018 hepatitis B guidance.

Update on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis B: AASLD 2018 hepatitis B guidance.
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DOI:
10.1002/hep.29800
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发表时间:
2018-04
期刊:
Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Wong JB
Wong JB
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Terrault NA;Lok ASF;McMahon BJ;Chang KM;Hwang JP;Jonas MM;Brown RS Jr;Bzowej NH;Wong JB

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本 AASLD 2018 乙型肝炎指南旨在补充 AASLD 2016 慢性乙型肝炎治疗实践指南 (1),并更新 2009 年以来的先前乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 指南。2018 年更新的慢性乙型肝炎 (CHB) 指南包括 (1) 自 2016 年 HBV 指南以来的治疗更新(特别是替诺福韦艾拉酚胺的使用) 以及以下方面的指导:(2) 筛查、咨询和预防;(3) 专门的病毒学和血清学检测;(4) 监测未经治疗的患者; (五)特殊人群乙型肝炎的治疗,包括病毒合并感染者、急性乙型肝炎、免疫抑制治疗者、移植受者等。 AASLD 2018 乙型肝炎指南为乙型肝炎患者的筛查、预防、诊断和临床管理提供了数据支持的方法。它与已发布的 2016 年 AASLD 指南不同,后者进行了系统回顾,并使用多学科专家小组使用建议分级评估、制定和评估系统来评估证据的质量(水平)和每项建议的强度,以支持指南 (1-4) 相比之下,本指导文件是由专家小组协商一致制定的,没有进行正式的系统审查或使用建议分级评估、制定和评估系统。 2018 年指南基于以下内容:(1) 对有关主题的已发表文献进行正式审查和分析;(2) 世界卫生组织关于慢性乙型肝炎预防、护理和治疗的指南 (5); (3) 作者在急性乙型肝炎和慢性乙型肝炎方面的经验。本指南旨在供医疗保健提供者使用,确定了慢性乙型肝炎患者的诊断、治疗和预防护理方面的首选方法。与临床实践指南一样,它提供了优化护理的一般指导。缩写:AFP、甲胎蛋白; ALT,丙氨酸转氨酶;抗-HBc,乙型肝炎核心抗原抗体;抗-HBe,乙型肝炎e抗原抗体;抗-HBs,乙型肝炎表面抗原抗体; ARVT,抗逆转录病毒治疗; AST,天冬氨酸转氨酶; cccDNA,共价闭合环状DNA; CHB,慢性乙型肝炎; DAA,直接作用抗病毒药; HBeAg、乙型肝炎e抗原; HBIG,乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白; HBsAg,乙型肝炎表面抗原; HBV,乙型肝炎病毒; HCC,肝细胞癌; HCV、丙型肝炎病毒;医护人员、卫生保健工作者; HDV、丁型肝炎病毒; HIV,人类免疫缺陷病毒; IFN,干扰素; IFN-a、干扰素-α; NA,核(t)ide类似物; peg-IFN,聚乙二醇干扰素; peg-IFN-a,聚乙二醇化干扰素-α; qHBsAg,定量乙型肝炎表面抗原; TAF,替诺福韦艾拉酚胺; TDF,富马酸替诺福韦二吡呋酯; ULN,正常值上限;美国,超声检查。
This AASLD 2018 Hepatitis B Guidance is intended to complement the AASLD 2016 Practice Guidelines for Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B (1) and update the previous hepatitis B virus (HBV) guidelines from 2009. The 2018 updated guidance on chronic hepatitis B (CHB) includes (1) updates on treatment since the 2016 HBV guidelines (notably the use of tenofovir alafenamide) and guidance on (2) screening, counseling, and prevention;(3) specialized virological and serological tests;(4) monitoring of untreated patients; and (5) treatment of hepatitis B in special populations, including persons with viral coinfections, acute hepatitis B, recipients of immunosuppressive therapy, and transplant recipients. The AASLD 2018 Hepatitis B Guidance provides a data-supported approach to screening, prevention, diagnosis, and clinical management of patients with hepatitis B. It differs from the published 2016 AASLD guidelines, which conducted systematic reviews and used a multidisciplinary panel of experts to rate the quality (level) of the evidence and the strength of each recommendation using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system in support of guideline recommendations.(1-4) In contrast, this guidance document was developed by consensus of an expert panel, without formal systematic review or use of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. The 2018 guidance is based upon the following:(1) formal review and analysis of published literature on the topics;(2) World Health Organization guidance on prevention, care, and treatment of CHB (5); and (3) the authors’ experience in acute hepatitis B and CHB. Intended for use by health care providers, this guidance identifies preferred approaches to the diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive aspects of care for patients with CHB. As with clinical practice guidelines, it provides general guidance to optimize the care of theAbbreviations: AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; anti-HBc, antibody to hepatitis B core antigen; anti-HBe, antibody to hepatitis B e antigen; anti-HBs, antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen; ARVT, antiretroviral therapy; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; cccDNA, covalently closed circular DNA; CHB, chronic hepatitis B; DAA, direct-acting antiviral; HBeAg, hepatitis B e antigen; HBIG, hepatitis B immune globulin; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HCWs, health care workers; HDV, hepatitis D virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IFN, interferon; IFN-a, interferon-alfa; NA, nucleos (t) ide analogue; peg-IFN, peginterferon; peg-IFN-a, pegylated interferon-alfa; qHBsAg, quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen; TAF, tenofovir alafenamide; TDF, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate; ULN, upper limits of normal; US, ultrasonography.
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