Melanoma Chemoprevention: Current Status and Future Prospects.
Melanoma Chemoprevention: Current Status and Future Prospects.
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DOI：
10.1111/php.12749
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发表时间：
2017-07
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Ahmad N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chhabra G;Ndiaye MA;Garcia-Peterson LM;Ahmad N
皮肤癌的发病率，包括非黑色素瘤和黑色素瘤，在美国都在增加。紫外线辐射，主要来自太阳，被认为是这些肿瘤的主要原因。虽然非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的数量要多得多，但黑色素瘤仍然是最具挑战性的。这是因为黑色素瘤可以变得极具侵袭性，由于缺乏有效的早期发现，以及手术和化疗后的疾病复发，其发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势。因此，除了更好的治疗方案外，还需要更新的方法来防止黑色素瘤的发展。化学预防是通过抑制肿瘤的启动、促进和进展过程来预防癌症发生的一种合理、经济有效的方法。黑色素瘤是一种进行性疾病，通过靶向黑色素瘤进展过程和分子途径，使其非常适合进行化学预防干预。本文讨论了非甾体抗炎药、他汀类药物、维生素和饮食制剂等多种化学预防药物在黑色素瘤中的作用，并重点介绍了黑色素瘤化学预防的最新进展和我们对其未来的展望。尽管大量的临床前数据表明，许多化学预防药物可以预防或延缓黑色素瘤的发生，但我们意识到，对人类使用它们的有效性和长期安全性进行评估的临床研究还不充分。暴露在紫外线辐射下是皮肤癌的主要原因，包括黑色素瘤。目前的预防策略和治疗方法不足以降低与黑色素瘤相关的发病率或死亡率。因此，有必要探索新的治疗和化学预防策略来管理黑色素瘤。在这里，我们讨论旨在化学预防黑色素瘤的研究。到目前为止，在黑色素瘤化学预防领域进行的临床研究有限，到目前为止还没有药物被批准用于临床。然而，临床前研究的令人鼓舞的结果支持进一步的探索和临床试验，以确定用于人类黑色素瘤预防的新药物。
The incidence of skin cancers, both non-melanoma as well as melanoma, are increasing in the United States. The ultraviolet radiation, mainly from sun, is considered the major cause for these neoplasms. While non-melanoma skin cancers are far more numerous, melanoma remains the most challenging. This is because melanoma can become extremely aggressive and its incidence is increasing worldwide due to lack of effective early detection, as well as disease recurrence, following both surgery and chemotherapy. Therefore, in addition to better treatment options, newer means are required to prevent melanomas from developing. Chemoprevention is a reasonable cost-effective approach to prevent carcinogenesis by inhibiting the processes of tumor initiation, promotion and progression. Melanoma is a progressive disease, which makes it very suitable for chemopreventive interventions, by targeting the processes and molecular pathways involved in the progression of melanoma. This review discusses the roles of various chemopreventive agents such as NSAIDs, statins, vitamins and dietary agents in melanoma and highlights current advancements and our perspective on future of melanoma chemoprevention. Although considerable preclinical data suggest that melanoma may be prevented or delayed by a numerous chemopreventive agents, we realize there are insufficient clinical studies evaluating their efficacy and long-term safety for human use. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation is a leading cause of skin cancers, including melanoma. Current preventive strategies and therapies are not sufficient to reduce incidence or mortality associated with melanoma. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new therapeutic, as well as chemopreventive strategies for melanoma management. Here, we discuss studies aimed at chemoprevention of melanoma. To date, limited clinical studies have been done in the field of melanoma chemoprevention, and no agent has so far been approved, for clinical use. However, encouraging results from preclinical studies, support further exploration and clinical trials to identify novel agents for melanoma prevention in humans.
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影响因子：
8
作者：
Afaq, F;Ahmad, N;Mukhtar, H
通讯作者：
Mukhtar, H
影响因子：
7.5
作者：
Allaj V;Guo C;Nie D
通讯作者：
Nie D
DOI：
10.1093/jnci/djn154
发表时间：
2008-07-02
期刊：
Journal of the National Cancer Institute
影响因子：
--
作者：
Asgari MM;Maruti SS;White E
通讯作者：
White E
影响因子：
13.6
作者：
Bonovas, Stefanos;Nikolopoulos, Georgios;Sitaras, Nikolaos M.
通讯作者：
Sitaras, Nikolaos M.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Afaq, F;Adhami, VM;Ahmad, N
通讯作者：
Ahmad, N