Chemical synaptic and gap junctional interactions between principal neurons: partners in epileptogenesis.

Chemical synaptic and gap junctional interactions between principal neurons: partners in epileptogenesis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neunet.2010.11.007
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发表时间:
2011-08
期刊:
Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Whittington MA
Whittington MA
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Traub RD;Cunningham MO;Whittington MA

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场电位信号,对应于皮层结构中的电描记癫痫发作,通常包含两个分量,这两个分量有时似乎是可分离的,而其他时候则是叠加的。第一个分量由低振幅非常快的振荡(VFO,> 70-80 Hz)组成;第二个分量由持续数十至数百ms的较大振幅瞬变组成,并被称为群体尖峰、EEG尖峰或爆发-部分地由于场事件的细胞相关性而选择术语。首先,这两种成分的出现是因为不同类型的细胞相互作用:VFO的间隙连接(下面将审查其模型),以及瞬变的复发性突触兴奋和/或抑制。在体外研究癫痫的人类新皮质组织,它是可能的,引起VFO单独,或VFO叠加在一个大的瞬态,但不是一个大的瞬态没有VFO。如果这些观察结果被证明是普遍的,他们将意味着间隙连接介导的相互作用是癫痫发生的主要因素。似乎是这样的情况下,在癫痫发作开始的设置(但不一定在生理条件下),间隙连接介导的电路的增益实际上可以大于兴奋性突触电路的增益。
Field potential signals, corresponding to electrographic seizures in cortical structures, often contain two components, which sometimes appear to be separable and other times to be superimposed. The first component consists of low-amplitude very fast oscillations (VFO, > 70–80 Hz); the second component consists of larger amplitude transients, lasting tens to hundreds of ms, and variously called population spikes, EEG spikes, or bursts – terms chosen in part because of the cellular correlates of the field events. To first approximation, the two components arise because of distinctive types of cellular interactions: gap junctions for VFO (a model of which is reviewed in the following), and recurrent synaptic excitation and/or inhibition for the transients. With in vitro studies of epileptic human neocortical tissue, it is possible to elicit VFO alone, or VFO superimposed on a large transient, but not a large transient without the VFO. If such observations prove to be general, they would imply that gap junction-mediated interactions are the primary factor in epileptogenesis. It appears to be the case then, that in the setting of seizure initiation (but not necessarily under physiological conditions), the gain of gap junction-mediated circuits can actually be larger than the gain in excitatory synaptic circuits.
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