Diversity matters: opportunities in the study of the genetics of psychotic disorders in low- and middle-income countries in Latin America.
Diversity matters: opportunities in the study of the genetics of psychotic disorders in low- and middle-income countries in Latin America.
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DOI：
10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1240
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发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gadelha A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fonseca L;Sena BF;Crossley N;Lopez-Jaramillo C;Koenen K;Freimer NB;Bressan RA;Belangero SI;Santoro ML;Gadelha A
遗传和环境背景的多样性的缺乏削弱了精神障碍研究结果的普遍性和临床适用性。值得注意的是，拉丁美洲人在遗传学研究中通常被忽视，仅占全基因组关联研究样本的不到2%。但拉丁美洲人口代表了一个独特的研究机会，因为这个群体的种族混合率非常高。增加遗传多样性对于改善与精神障碍相关的已知区域的精细定位、发现新的遗传关联和重复研究至关重要。此外，拉丁美洲的特点是大规模的社会，政治和经济不平等，所有已知的精神健康问题的风险因素，包括精神障碍。本文旨在1）讨论研究拉丁美洲的特殊遗传组成和环境背景的挑战和优势; 2）回顾以前在该地区进行的研究;和3）描述三个拉丁美洲的研究进展：墨西哥人群精神病的神经精神病学遗传学（NeuroMEX），Paisa和拉丁美洲早期精神病研究网络（安第斯山脉）研究。
Lack of diversity regarding genetic and environmental backgrounds weakens the generalization and clinical applicability of research findings on psychotic disorders. Notably, Latin Americans have been generally neglected in genetic studies, comprising less than 2% of genome-wide association study samples. But Latin American populations represent a unique opportunity for research, given the exceptionally high ethnic admixture of this group. Increasing genetic diversity is essential to improve the fine mapping of known regions associated with psychotic disorders, discover novel genetic associations, and replicate studies. Additionally, Latin America is characterized by massive social, political, and economic inequalities, all known risk factors for mental health issues, including psychotic disorders. This article aims to 1) discuss the challenges and advantages of studying Latin America’s particular genetic makeup and environmental context; 2) review previous studies conducted in the region; and 3) describe three Latin American research initiatives in progress: the Neuropsychiatric Genetics of Psychosis in Mexican Populations (NeuroMEX), the Paisa, and the Latin American Network for the Study of Early Psychosis (ANDES) studies.
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