A Duplicated Copy of the Meiotic Gene ZIP4 Preserves up to 50% Pollen Viability and Grain Number in Polyploid Wheat.
A Duplicated Copy of the Meiotic Gene ZIP4 Preserves up to 50% Pollen Viability and Grain Number in Polyploid Wheat.
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DOI：
10.3390/biology10040290
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发表时间：
2021-04-02
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Martín AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alabdullah AK;Moore G;Martín AC
在小麦多倍体化过程中，主要减数分裂基因ZIP 4发生复制和分化，使得四倍体和六倍体小麦分别携带三个和四个ZIP 4拷贝。令人惊讶的是，这项研究表明，在六倍体小麦中，尽管存在其他三个ZIP 4拷贝，但需要重复的ZIP 4拷贝来防止减数分裂期间的重大异常。虽然有更大的破坏随后的男性而不是女性的生育能力，重复的ZIP 4副本保留高达50%的谷物数量。小麦的高肥力非常重要，因为全球有超过45亿人消费小麦，其中25亿人依赖小麦。这项研究强调了小麦ZIP 4复制的潜在非凡价值，要求进一步研究以揭示这种全球作物中ZIP 4表型的复杂性。虽然大多数开花植物都是多倍体，但人们对多倍体化后减数分裂过程如何演变以稳定和保持育性知之甚少。在小麦多倍化过程中，位于3B染色体上的主效减数分裂基因ZIP 4在5 B染色体上复制并发生分化（TaZIP 4-B2）。TaZIP 4-B2最近显示促进同源配对、突触和交换，并抑制同源突触交换。因此，我们怀疑这些减数分裂稳定作用可能对保持小麦育性很重要。利用CRISPR Tazip 4-B2突变体来评估5 B重复的ZIP 4拷贝在维持花粉活力和谷粒结实中的贡献。分析表明，在Tazip 4-B2突变体中，56%的性母细胞出现异常，50%的四分体中出现微核，48%的花粉粒尺寸减小，颗粒数量减少近50%。进一步的研究表明，当TaZIP 4-B2突变体植物用活力较低的TaZIP 4-B2突变体花粉而不是用野生型花粉授粉时，大多数减少的谷粒数量发生，这表明TaZIP 4-B2对减数分裂的稳定作用在随后的雄性配子发生中具有更大的影响，而不是雌性配子发生。这些研究揭示了小麦染色体5 B TaZIP 4-B2重复对农业和人类营养的非凡价值。未来的研究应进一步研究TaZIP 4-B2对雌性生育力的作用，并评估不同的TaZIP 4-B2等位基因是否对减数分裂稳定和/或对温度变化的抗性表现出可变的影响。
On wheat polyploidisation, the major meiotic gene ZIP4, duplicated and diverged, such that tetraploid and hexaploid wheat each carry three and four copies of ZIP4, respectively. Surprisingly, this study demonstrates that, in hexaploid wheat, despite the presence of the other three ZIP4 copies, the duplicated ZIP4 copy is required to prevent major abnormalities during meiosis. Although there is greater disruption of subsequent male rather than female fertility, the duplicated ZIP4 copy preserves up to 50% of the grain number. High wheat fertility is important since it is consumed by over 4.5 billion people on the planet, of whom 2.5 billion are dependent on it. This study highlights the potentially extraordinary value of the wheat ZIP4 duplication, mandating further studies to unravel the complexity of the ZIP4 phenotype in this global crop. Although most flowering plants are polyploid, little is known of how the meiotic process evolves after polyploidisation to stabilise and preserve fertility. On wheat polyploidisation, the major meiotic gene ZIP4 on chromosome 3B duplicated onto 5B and diverged (TaZIP4-B2). TaZIP4-B2 was recently shown to promote homologous pairing, synapsis and crossover, and suppress homoeologous crossover. We therefore suspected that these meiotic stabilising effects could be important for preserving wheat fertility. A CRISPR Tazip4-B2 mutant was exploited to assess the contribution of the 5B duplicated ZIP4 copy in maintaining pollen viability and grain setting. Analysis demonstrated abnormalities in 56% of meiocytes in the Tazip4-B2 mutant, with micronuclei in 50% of tetrads, reduced size in 48% of pollen grains and a near 50% reduction in grain number. Further studies showed that most of the reduced grain number occurred when Tazip4-B2 mutant plants were pollinated with the less viable Tazip4-B2 mutant pollen rather than with wild type pollen, suggesting that the stabilising effect of TaZIP4-B2 on meiosis has a greater consequence in subsequent male, rather than female gametogenesis. These studies reveal the extraordinary value of the wheat chromosome 5B TaZIP4-B2 duplication to agriculture and human nutrition. Future studies should further investigate the role of TaZIP4-B2 on female fertility and assess whether different TaZIP4-B2 alleles exhibit variable effects on meiotic stabilisation and/or resistance to temperature change.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0801521105
发表时间：
2008-04-22
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Colas, Isabelle;Shaw, Peter;Moore, Graham
通讯作者：
Moore, Graham
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Brinton J;Ramirez-Gonzalez RH;Simmonds J;Wingen L;Orford S;Griffiths S;10 Wheat Genome Project;Haberer G;Spannagl M;Walkowiak S;Pozniak C;Uauy C
通讯作者：
Uauy C
影响因子：
4
作者：
Golubovskaya, Inna N.;Hamant, Olivier;Cande, W. Zacheus
通讯作者：
Cande, W. Zacheus
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Delorenzi, M;Speed, T
通讯作者：
Speed, T
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
CETL, IVO
通讯作者：
CETL, IVO