Regulation of Energy Homeostasis via GPR120.
Regulation of Energy Homeostasis via GPR120.
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DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2014.00111
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Hirasawa A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ichimura A;Hara T;Hirasawa A
游离脂肪酸（FFA）是关键营养素的基本单位。FFA发挥各种生物功能，取决于链长和去饱和度。最近的研究表明，几种游离脂肪酸作为G蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）的配体，激活细胞内信号传导，并通过这些GPCR发挥生理功能。GPR120（也称为游离脂肪酸受体4）由不饱和中链至长链FFA激活，并在各种生理稳态机制中发挥关键作用，如肠促胰岛素激素分泌、食物偏好、抗炎和脂肪生成。最近的研究表明，脂质传感器GPR120在检测白色脂肪组织中的膳食脂肪中具有关键作用，并调节人类和啮齿动物的全身能量稳态。人类遗传学研究发现GPR120的功能缺失突变与肥胖和胰岛素抵抗相关。此外，GPR120的功能障碍已被认为是饮食诱导的肥胖症的新风险因素。本文综述了GPR120的生理功能，并讨论了其在能量稳态调节中的作用及其作为药物靶点的潜力。
Free fatty acids (FFAs) are fundamental units of key nutrients. FFAs exert various biological functions, depending on the chain length and degree of desaturation. Recent studies have shown that several FFAs act as ligands of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), activate intracellular signaling and exert physiological functions via these GPCRs. GPR120 (also known as free fatty acid receptor 4) is activated by unsaturated medium- to long-chain FFAs and has a critical role in various physiological homeostasis mechanisms such as incretin hormone secretion, food preference, anti-inflammation, and adipogenesis. Recent studies showed that a lipid sensor GPR120 has a key role in sensing dietary fat in white adipose tissue and regulates the whole body energy homeostasis in both humans and rodents. Genetic study in human identified the loss-of-functional mutation of GPR120 associated with obesity and insulin resistance. In addition, dysfunction of GPR120 has been linked as a novel risk factor for diet-induced obesity. This review aims to provide evidence from the recent development in physiological function of GPR120 and discusses its functional roles in the regulation of energy homeostasis and its potential as drug targets.
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