Molecular diversity and evolutionary trends of cysteine-rich peptides from the venom glands of Chinese spider Heteropoda venatoria.

Molecular diversity and evolutionary trends of cysteine-rich peptides from the venom glands of Chinese spider Heteropoda venatoria.
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中国蜘蛛毒腺富含半胱氨酸肽的分子多样性和进化趋势。

DOI:
10.1038/s41598-021-82668-5
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发表时间:
2021-02-05
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Chen J
Chen J
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Luo J;Ding Y;Peng Z;Chen K;Zhang X;Xiao T;Chen J

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在泛热带国家,疏蛛科的venatoria Heteropoda以家养害虫为食,受到高度重视。与大多数其他种类的蜘蛛不同,venatoria用速度快、强壮的螯肢(带有毒素腺的口器)来捕捉昆虫,而不是用它的网。因此,毒蛇为毒液进化研究提供了独特的机会。采用基质辅助激光解吸/电离串联飞行时间法和表达的序列标签分析方法对血毒蛇毒进行了研究。根据对成熟区前体和半胱氨酸框架的系统发育分析,154个富含半胱氨酸肽(CRPs)编码序列揭示了24个家族。有趣的是,在蜘蛛毒液中首先描述了四种基序。此外,结合蛇毒蜘蛛不同的crp和先前的蜘蛛毒液肽组学数据,分析了前体的结构和半胱氨酸框架的模式。本研究揭示了吸血蝮蛇毒液crp的动态进化趋势:前体进化为含有更多半胱氨酸的延伸成熟肽,信号和成熟肽之间的前肽减少甚至消失;CRPs是通过祖先ICK基因的多次复制以及非毒素基因的招募而进化的。
Heteropoda venatoria in the family Sparassidae is highly valued in pantropical countries because the species feed on domestic insect pests. Unlike most other species of Araneomorphae, H. venatoria uses the great speed and strong chelicerae (mouthparts) with toxin glands to capture the insects instead of its web. Therefore, H. venatoria provides unique opportunities for venom evolution research. The venom of H. venatoria was explored by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight and analyzing expressed sequence tags. The 154 sequences coding cysteine-rich peptides (CRPs) revealed 24 families based on the phylogenetic analyses of precursors and cysteine frameworks in the putative mature regions. Intriguingly, four kinds of motifs are first described in spider venom. Furthermore, combining the diverse CRPs of H. venatoria with previous spider venom peptidomics data, the structures of precursors and the patterns of cysteine frameworks were analyzed. This work revealed the dynamic evolutionary trends of venom CRPs in H. venatoria: the precursor has evolved an extended mature peptide with more cysteines, and a diminished or even vanished propeptides between the signal and mature peptides; and the CRPs evolved by multiple duplications of an ancestral ICK gene as well as recruitments of non-toxin genes.
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