Sharing the Pain: Perceptions of Fairness Affect Private and Public Response to Hazards

Sharing the Pain: Perceptions of Fairness Affect Private and Public Response to Hazards
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分担痛苦:对公平的看法影响私人和公众对危险的反应

DOI:
10.1080/24694452.2016.1182005
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发表时间:
2016
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Adger W
Adger W
中科院分区:
法学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Adger W

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在地理学研究中,已充分确立了易受灾害影响的结构性原因。但是,是什么促进了个体的适应行为呢?政府干预的绩效如何影响这种行为?借鉴政治经济学,环境心理学和气候正义的角度来看,我们探讨如何感知公平的响应天气相关的极端事件影响公共和私人的责任和行动的分配。我们专注于洪水风险和研究如何感知的公平性的响应受洪水影响的地区的居民,沿着他们以前的经验,洪水和政府的责任和能力的范围的看法,影响愿意采取个人适应行动。我们使用的数据,从2009年11月在英国坎布里亚郡和高威,爱尔兰的洪水事件影响的356户家庭的调查,比较两个政治管辖区的反应和私人意图的公平性的看法。我们发现,公平性的各个方面都与采取适应性行动的意愿有关,但会随着洪水的背景、经验和知识而变化。在坎布里亚郡,那里有更多的洪水经验,愿意采取行动与程序正义,风险知识和能力。高威的洪水管理能力与州政府机构密切相关,而在坎布里亚郡,人们认为洪水管理能力来自公共和私人行动的责任。这些研究结果强调了政府行动的核心作用及其在构建私人应对环境风险方面的公平性,并指出了气候正义观点在适应中的关键作用。
Structural causes of vulnerability to hazards are well established in geographical research. But what facilitates individual adaptive behavior? How does the performance of government intervention affect such behavior? Drawing on political economy, environmental psychology, and climate justice perspectives, we explore how perceived fairness of responses to weather-related extreme events affects the public and private distribution of responsibility and action. We focus on flood risk and examine how perceptions of fairness of response by residents in flood-affected areas, along with their prior experience of flooding and perceptions of scope of government responsibility and capacity, affect willingness to take individual adaptive action. We use data from surveys of 356 households affected by a flood event in November 2009 in Cumbria, UK, and Galway, Ireland, to compare perceptions of fairness of responses and private intentions across two political jurisdictions. We find that aspects of fairness are related to willingness to take adaptive action but vary with context, experience, and knowledge of flooding. In Cumbria, where there is greater experience of flooding, willingness to act correlates with procedural justice, risk knowledge, and capacity. Capacity for flood management in Galway is firmly associated with state agencies, whereas in Cumbria it is perceived to result from responsibilities of public and private action. These findings highlight the central role of government action and its perceived fairness in structuring private responses to environmental risks and point to the crucial role of climate justice perspectives in navigating adaptation.
全球变化背景下的赢​​家和输家
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