Health effects of passive smoking .5. Parental smoking and allergic sensitisation in children.
Health effects of passive smoking .5. Parental smoking and allergic sensitisation in children.
复制标题
被动吸烟对健康的影响 .5。
作者：
D. Strachan;D. Cook
背景：对父母吸烟对儿童免疫球蛋白 (IgE) 水平、皮肤点刺阳性以及过敏性鼻炎或湿疹的影响进行了系统评价。排除哮喘是为了更清楚地区分被动吸烟暴露对过敏性过敏的影响。方法：在考虑使用与儿童被动吸烟相关的关键词对 Embase 和 Medline 数据库进行电子搜索而选出的 692 篇文章后，确定了 36 篇相关出版物。该检索于 1997 年 4 月完成，确定了 9 项关于新生儿 IgE 的研究、8 项关于大龄儿童 IgE 的研究、12 项包括皮肤点刺试验的研究，以及 10 项描述除哮喘或喘息之外的过敏性疾病症状的研究。仅对报告皮肤点刺试验的研究才可能进行定量荟萃分析。结果：几项大型研究未能证实早期报告，即母亲吸烟与新生儿或年龄较大儿童的血清总 IgE 浓度存在显着或统计学上的显着关联。父母吸烟与过敏性鼻炎或湿疹之间没有一致的关联。这些研究很少针对潜在的混杂变量进行调整。皮肤点刺试验的证据数量和质量最高，对怀孕或婴儿期父母吸烟的研究大体一致，表明对点刺阳性没有不利影响（汇总比值比为 0.87，95% 置信区间为 0.62 至 1.24）。目前父母吸烟与皮肤点刺阳性的比值比存在更大且具有统计学显着性 (p = 0.002) 的异质性。结论：父母吸烟，无论是在出生前还是出生后立即吸烟，都不太可能增加儿童过敏的风险。
BACKGROUND: A systematic review was conducted of the effects of parental smoking on immunoglobulin (IgE) levels, skin prick positivity, and allergic rhinitis or eczema in children. Asthma was excluded in order to distinguish more clearly the effect of passive smoke exposure on allergic sensitisation. METHODS: Thirty six relevant publications were identified after consideration of 692 articles selected by electronic search of the Embase and Medline databases using keywords relevant to passive smoking in children. The search was completed in April 1997 and identified nine studies of IgE in neonates, eight of IgE in older children, 12 which included skin prick tests, and 10 describing symptoms of allergic disease other than asthma or wheezing. A quantitative meta-analysis was possible only for the studies reporting skin prick tests. RESULTS: Several large studies failed to confirm early reports of a substantial or statistically significant association of maternal smoking with concentrations of total serum IgE in neonates or in older children. No consistent association emerged between parental smoking and allergic rhinitis or eczema. Few of these studies adjusted for potential confounding variables. The quantity and quality of evidence was greatest for skin prick tests, and studies of parental smoking during pregnancy or infancy were broadly consistent in showing no adverse effect on prick positivity (pooled odds ratio 0.87, 95% confidence interval 0.62 to 1.24). There was much greater and statistically significant (p = 0.002) heterogeneity of odds ratios relating current parental smoking to skin prick positivity. CONCLUSIONS: Parental smoking, either before or immediately after birth, is unlikely to increase the risk of allergic sensitisation in children.
血清免疫球蛋白E与吸烟的关系。
DOI：
10.1164/arrd.1981.124.5.523
发表时间：
1981
期刊：
The American review of respiratory disease
影响因子：
--
作者：
Burrows,B;Halonen,M;Barbee,RA;Lebowitz,MD
通讯作者：
Lebowitz,MD
儿童早期呼吸道感染与支气管反应性和过敏性水平升高的关系。
DOI：
10.1164/arrd.1985.131.4.573
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
The American review of respiratory disease
影响因子：
--
作者：
Weiss,ST;Tager,IB;Munoz,A;Speizer,FE
通讯作者：
Speizer,FE