Schema-driven construction of future autobiographical traumatic events: the future is much more troubling than the past.
Schema-driven construction of future autobiographical traumatic events: the future is much more troubling than the past.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0032638
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发表时间：
2014-04
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Rubin, David C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rubin, David C.
对未来情景思维的研究已经在认知心理学、认知神经科学和临床心理学中产生了令人信服的理论和结果。利用自传体记忆研究的基本概念和方法，对76名大学生进行了记忆过去和想象未来对他们产生重大影响的积极和消极事件的实验。视觉和听觉图像、情感和其他测量的在线评分的相关性表明，个体在相同程度上使用相同的过程来记忆过去和构建未来事件。这些测量方法以类似的方式预测了理论上重要的对过去体验和未来“前生”的元认知判断。在对创伤性事件的反应的标准化测试中，未来的消极事件比过去的消极事件得分高得多，得分在符合创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）诊断的范围内，这是重复的（n = 52），以检查顺序效应。与早期的研究一致，未来事件的感觉生动性较低。因此，未来事件的想象症状不太可能是由感觉生动性引起的。为了证实这一点，63名大学生在对同样的负面未来事件的两种建构之间产生了大量的附加细节，消除了对创伤事件反应的标准化测试中评级生动度的缺陷。神经质能预测个体对过去负面事件的反应，但不能预测对未来事件的想象反应。本研究在情景未来思维、自传式记忆、创伤后应激障碍和经典图式理论的文献背景下进行了解释。
Research on future episodic thought has produced compelling theories and results in cognitive psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and clinical psychology. To integrate these using basic concepts and methods from autobiographical memory research, 76 undergraduates remembered past and imagined future positive and negative events that had or would have a major impact on them. Correlations of the online ratings of visual and auditory imagery, emotion, and other measures demonstrated that individuals used the same processes to the same extent to remember past and construct future events. These measures predicted the theoretically important metacognitive judgment of past reliving and future ‘preliving’ in similar ways. Future negative events had much higher scores than past negative events on standardized tests of reactions to traumatic events, scores in the range that would qualify for a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which was replicated (n = 52) to check for order effects. Consistent with earlier work, future events had less sensory vividness. Thus, the imagined symptoms of future events were unlikely to be caused by sensory vividness. To confirm this, 63 undergraduates produced numerous added details between two constructions of the same negative future events, removing deficits in rated vividness with no increase in the standardized tests of reactions to traumatic events. Neuroticism predicted individuals’ reactions to negative past events but did not predict imagined reactions to future events. This set of novel methods and findings are interpreted in the contexts of the literatures of episodic future thought, autobiographical memory, PTSD, and classic schema theory.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0024940
发表时间：
2011-10
期刊：
Emotion (Washington, D.C.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Berntsen D;Rubin DC;Siegler IC
通讯作者：
Siegler IC
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Berntsen, D;Rubin, DC
通讯作者：
Rubin, DC
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.15.4.657
发表时间：
1989-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
BLAXTON, TA
通讯作者：
BLAXTON, TA
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Berntsen, Dorthe;Rubin, David C.
通讯作者：
Rubin, David C.
DOI：
10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.11.004
发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Brown, Adam D.;Root, James C.;Hirst, William
通讯作者：
Hirst, William