Identification of 2R-ohnologue gene families displaying the same mutation-load skew in multiple cancers.

Identification of 2R-ohnologue gene families displaying the same mutation-load skew in multiple cancers.
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DOI:
10.1098/rsob.140029
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发表时间:
2014-05-07
期刊:
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
MacKintosh C
MacKintosh C
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tinti M;Dissanayake K;Synowsky S;Albergante L;MacKintosh C

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在脊椎动物起源时,当发生两轮全基因组复制(2 R-WGD)时,信号通路的复杂性得到了提升。那些从2 R-WGD中存活下来的基因和蛋白质-称为2 R-ohnologues-属于两到四个成员的家族,并且富含与癌症相关的信号成分。在这里,我们发现,虽然只有大约30%的人类转录编码基因是2 R-同源物,但它们携带30种不同癌症类型中42-60%的基因突变。在包括黑色素瘤、乳腺癌、肺腺癌、肝和髓母细胞瘤在内的癌症数据集子集中,我们确定了673个2 R-同源基因家族,其中一个基因在多个位置携带突变,而同一家族中的姐妹基因相对无突变。引人注目的是,在322个2 R-同源基因家族中的315个家族在多种癌症中表现出这种偏斜,相同的基因在每种癌症中携带最重的突变负荷,并且通常排名第二的基因在每种癌症中也是相同的。我们的研究结果激发了这样一种假设,即在某些癌症中,遗传变化的异质组合损害了2 R-WGD信号网络的部分,并迫使信息流过一组有限的致癌途径,其中特定的非突变2 R-ohnologues作为效应子。因此,未突变的2 R-同源物是潜在的治疗靶点。这些包括与生长因子信号传导、神经传递和离子通道相关的蛋白质。
The complexity of signalling pathways was boosted at the origin of the vertebrates, when two rounds of whole genome duplication (2R-WGD) occurred. Those genes and proteins that have survived from the 2R-WGD—termed 2R-ohnologues—belong to families of two to four members, and are enriched in signalling components relevant to cancer. Here, we find that while only approximately 30% of human transcript-coding genes are 2R-ohnologues, they carry 42–60% of the gene mutations in 30 different cancer types. Across a subset of cancer datasets, including melanoma, breast, lung adenocarcinoma, liver and medulloblastoma, we identified 673 2R-ohnologue families in which one gene carries mutations at multiple positions, while sister genes in the same family are relatively mutation free. Strikingly, in 315 of the 322 2R-ohnologue families displaying such a skew in multiple cancers, the same gene carries the heaviest mutation load in each cancer, and usually the second-ranked gene is also the same in each cancer. Our findings inspire the hypothesis that in certain cancers, heterogeneous combinations of genetic changes impair parts of the 2R-WGD signalling networks and force information flow through a limited set of oncogenic pathways in which specific non-mutated 2R-ohnologues serve as effectors. The non-mutated 2R-ohnologues are therefore potential therapeutic targets. These include proteins linked to growth factor signalling, neurotransmission and ion channels.
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