Simple arithmetic: not so simple for highly math anxious individuals.
Simple arithmetic: not so simple for highly math anxious individuals.
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DOI：
10.1093/scan/nsx121
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Berman MG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chang H;Sprute L;Maloney EA;Beilock SL;Berman MG
通常在小学早期就能熟练掌握简单的算术，这被认为是数学能力的基石之一。对成年人的行为研究表明，数学焦虑（对数学的紧张或忧虑）与在认知要求较高的数学问题上表现不佳有关。然而，目前尚不清楚的是，高数学焦虑和低数学焦虑的个体在处理过度学习的、较少依赖认知控制的简单算术问题方面是否存在根本差异。目前的研究使用功能性磁共振成像来检查高、低数学焦虑个体的简单算术表现的神经相关性。我们实施了偏最小二乘分析，一种数据驱动的多变量分析方法来测量与表现相关的全脑活动的分布模式。尽管高、低数学焦虑个体的简单算术表现总体较高，但数学焦虑对额顶叶注意网络的依赖程度存在差异。具体来说，与高数学焦虑的人相比，低数学焦虑的人在较少激活这个网络时表现得更好——这可能表明他们更能自动解决问题。这些发现表明，即使是最基本的数学问题，低数学焦虑者和高数学焦虑者的解决方法也不同。
Fluency with simple arithmetic, typically achieved in early elementary school, is thought to be one of the building blocks of mathematical competence. Behavioral studies with adults indicate that math anxiety (feelings of tension or apprehension about math) is associated with poor performance on cognitively demanding math problems. However, it remains unclear whether there are fundamental differences in how high and low math anxious individuals approach overlearned simple arithmetic problems that are less reliant on cognitive control. The current study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the neural correlates of simple arithmetic performance across high and low math anxious individuals. We implemented a partial least squares analysis, a data-driven, multivariate analysis method to measure distributed patterns of whole-brain activity associated with performance. Despite overall high simple arithmetic performance across high and low math anxious individuals, performance was differentially dependent on the fronto-parietal attentional network as a function of math anxiety. Specifically, low—compared to high—math anxious individuals perform better when they activate this network less—a potential indication of more automatic problem-solving. These findings suggest that low and high math anxious individuals approach even the most fundamental math problems differently.
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