Impact of HVAC-Systems on the Dispersion of Infectious Aerosols in a Cardiac Intensive Care Unit.
Impact of HVAC-Systems on the Dispersion of Infectious Aerosols in a Cardiac Intensive Care Unit.
复制标题
HVAC系统对心脏重症监护病房中传染性气溶胶分散的影响。
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17186582
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发表时间：
2020-09-10
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Țurcanu FE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anghel L;Popovici CG;Stătescu C;Sascău R;Verdeș M;Ciocan V;Șerban IL;Mărănducă MA;Hudișteanu SV;Țurcanu FE
2019 年底，一种名为 SARS-CoV-2 的冠状病毒变种已被确定为导致呼吸道疾病 (COVID-19) 的原因。由于通风是影响空气传播的重要因素，我们建议在心脏重症监护病房中，采用基于有限元法 (FEM) 的计算流体动力学 (CFD) 瞬态模拟，研究采用可变风量 (VAV) 一次空气系统的供暖、通风和空调 (HVAC) 对传染性气溶胶扩散的影响。我们分析了可能感染 COVID-19 的患者咳嗽时携带呼出飞沫颗粒的病原体扩散后的三种情况，具体取决于患者在重症监护室的位置。我们的研究提供了空调系统传播传染性气溶胶和可能的 COVID-19 感染的机制，并强调了通过增加室外空气的使用和换气率、减少空气再循环和使用高效颗粒空气 (HEPA) 过滤器来控制重症监护病房和优化通风的重要建议。我们研究中应用的 CFD-FEM 模拟方法还可以扩展到其他目标，例如公共交通、剧院、爱乐乐团和教育单位的露天剧场。
At the end of 2019, a variation of a coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, has been identified as being responsible for a respiratory illness disease (COVID-19). Since ventilation is an important factor that influences airborne transmission, we proposed to study the impact of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) with a variable air volume (VAV) primary air system, on the dispersion of infectious aerosols, in a cardiac intensive care unit, using a transient simulation with computational fluid dynamics (CFD), based on the finite element method (FEM). We analyzed three scenarios that followed the dispersion of pathogen carrying expiratory droplets particles from coughing, from patients possibly infected with COVID-19, depending on the location of the patients in the intensive care unit. Our study provides the mechanism for spread of infectious aerosols, and possibly of COVID-19 infection, by air conditioning systems and also highlights important recommendations for disease control and optimization of ventilation in intensive care units, by increasing the use of outdoor air and the rate of air change, decreasing the recirculation of air and using high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters. The CFD-FEM simulation approach that was applied in our study could also be extended to other targets, such as public transport, theaters, philharmonics and amphitheaters from educational units.
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