The probability of fusions joining sex chromosomes and autosomes.

The probability of fusions joining sex chromosomes and autosomes.
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DOI:
10.1098/rsbl.2020.0648
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发表时间:
2020-11
期刊:
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Blackmon H
Blackmon H
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Anderson NW;Hjelmen CE;Blackmon H

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染色体融合和分裂是核型进化的主要机制。特别是,性染色体和常染色体的融合已被提出作为解决基因座内性拮抗作用的机制。如果性拮抗在整个基因组中很常见,我们应该会看到性染色体和常染色体的过度融合。在这里,我们提出了一个空模型,提供了性染色体常染色体融合的概率,假设所有的染色体都有参与融合的概率相等。这种封闭形式的表达适用于雄性和雌性异配子性染色体系统,并且可以容纳源自雄性和雌性的不相等比例的融合。我们发现,超过25%的所有染色体融合预期加入性染色体和常染色体时,二倍体常染色体计数小于16,无论性染色体系统。我们还通过分析两个对比的经验数据集来证明我们的模型的实用性:一个来自果蝇,一个来自跳蛛属Habronattus。我们发现,在Habronattus的情况下,有一个显着过量的性染色体常染色体融合,但在果蝇中有少得多的性染色体常染色体融合比我们的空模型下预期的。
Chromosome fusion and fission are primary mechanisms of karyotype evolution. In particular, the fusion of a sex chromosome and an autosome has been proposed as a mechanism to resolve intralocus sexual antagonism. If sexual antagonism is common throughout the genome, we should expect to see an excess of fusions that join sex chromosomes and autosomes. Here, we present a null model that provides the probability of a sex chromosome autosome fusion, assuming all chromosomes have an equal probability of being involved in a fusion. This closed-form expression is applicable to both male and female heterogametic sex chromosome systems and can accommodate unequal proportions of fusions originating in males and females. We find that over 25% of all chromosomal fusions are expected to join a sex chromosome and an autosome whenever the diploid autosome count is fewer than 16, regardless of the sex chromosome system. We also demonstrate the utility of our model by analysing two contrasting empirical datasets: one from Drosophila and one from the jumping spider genus Habronattus. We find that in the case of Habronattus, there is a significant excess of sex chromosome autosome fusions but that in Drosophila there are far fewer sex chromosome autosome fusions than would be expected under our null model.
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影响因子: 3.3
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