Characteristics of the nasal mucosa of commercial pigs during normal development.
Characteristics of the nasal mucosa of commercial pigs during normal development.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13567-023-01164-y
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发表时间：
2023-04-24
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
鼻粘膜经常暴露于吸入的病原体，是抵抗呼吸道感染的第一道防线。在这里，我们调查了结构和组成特征的鼻粘膜的商业猪在不同的生长阶段。鼻粘膜的上皮厚度、毛细血管数量和分泌功能随着年龄的增长而显著增加;然而，在整个生长阶段很少观察到呼吸区的潜在淋巴滤泡。在上皮、免疫和生物（鼻腔微生物群）屏障上探索鼻粘膜。在上皮屏障中，鼻上皮细胞的增殖能力和紧密连接蛋白的表达在出生后很高，但它们在哺乳期显着下降，并在断奶期再次增加。在免疫屏障中，大多数模式识别受体在新生仔猪中的表达水平很低，先天免疫细胞分布也较低。在哺乳期，Toll样受体（TLR）2和TLR 4的表达增加，但TLR 3的表达下降。从断奶到肥育阶段，TLR表达和天然免疫细胞数量显著增加。在生物屏障中，厚壁菌门、放线菌门、变形菌门和拟杆菌门构成新生仔猪的优势门。在哺乳阶段，鼻内微生物多样性急剧下降，伴随着潜在致病菌的增加。变形菌门、拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门被确定为鼻微生物群的核心门;其中，三个优势属放线菌属、莫拉菌属和伯格菌属可能是呼吸道中的机会致病菌。这些特征构成了规模化猪场预防呼吸道感染的重要参考。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1186/s13567-023-01164-y获得。
The nasal mucosa is constantly exposed to inhaled pathogens and is the first defence against respiratory infections. Here, we investigated the structural and compositional characteristics of the nasal mucosa of commercial pigs at various growth stages. The epithelial thickness, number of capillaries, and secretion function of the nasal mucosa dramatically increased with age; however, underlying lymphoid follicles in the respiratory region were rarely observed across the growth stages. The nasal mucosa was explored at the epithelial, immunological, and biological (commensal microbiota) barriers. In the epithelial barrier, the proliferative capacity of the nasal epithelia and the expression of tight junction proteins were high after birth; however, they decreased significantly during the suckling stage and increased again during the weaning stage. In the immunological barrier, most pattern recognition receptors were expressed at very low levels in neonatal piglets, and the innate immune cell distribution was lower. During the suckling stage, increased expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 was observed; however, TLR3 expression decreased. TLR expression and innate immune cell quantity significantly increased from the weaning to the finishing stage. In the biological barrier, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes comprised the dominant phyla in neonatal piglets. A dramatic decrease in nasal microbial diversity was observed during the suckling stage, accompanied by an increase in potentially pathogenic bacteria. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes were identified as the core phyla of the nasal microbiota; among these, the three dominant genera, Actinobacter, Moraxella, and Bergerella, may be opportunistic pathogens in the respiratory tract. These characteristics comprise an essential reference for respiratory infection prevention at large-scale pig farms. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13567-023-01164-y.
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影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Mans JJ;von Lackum K;Dorsey C;Willis S;Wallet SM;Baker HV;Lamont RJ;Handfield M
通讯作者：
Handfield M
DOI：
10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.12.025
发表时间：
2018-03
期刊：
Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Sánchez-Cordón PJ;Montoya M;Reis AL;Dixon LK
通讯作者：
Dixon LK
影响因子：
39.3
作者：
Li D;Wu M
通讯作者：
Wu M
影响因子：
0.2
作者：
Keshav, Roopavathi;Narayanappa, Umashree
通讯作者：
Narayanappa, Umashree
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Murphy K;Curley D;O'Callaghan TF;O'Shea CA;Dempsey EM;O'Toole PW;Ross RP;Ryan CA;Stanton C
通讯作者：
Stanton C