Local oestrogenic/androgenic balance in the cerebral vasculature.
Local oestrogenic/androgenic balance in the cerebral vasculature.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1748-1716.2011.02323.x
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发表时间：
2011-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gonzales RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krause DN;Duckles SP;Gonzales RJ
性类固醇的生殖作用是众所周知的，但越来越明显的是，这些激素对非生殖组织（例如脉管系统）具有重要作用。后一种影响可能与整个生命周期有关，而不仅限于生育年龄，也不一定限于一种性别。我们的工作已经确定，脑血管是性类固醇的非生殖目标组织。我们发现雌激素和雄激素会改变脑血管的血管张力、内皮功能、氧化应激和炎症反应。雌激素和雄激素的作用常常是相反的。此外，很明显，脑血管是性类固醇的直接目标，因为它们表达这些激素的特定受体。有趣的是，脑血管也表达代谢性类固醇的酶。这些发现表明 17β-雌二醇和二氢睾酮的局部合成可以发生在血管壁内。其中一种酶，芳香酶，将睾酮转化为 17β-雌二醇，这会改变雄激素和雌激素影响的局部平衡。因此，脑血管受到循环性激素以及局部合成的性类固醇的影响。血管内分泌效应机制的存在对男女脑血管功能和疾病的差异具有重要意义。此外，大脑循环是性激素以及合成代谢类固醇和用于操纵性类固醇作用的治疗药物的目标。这些影响的长期后果尚未确定。
Reproductive effects of sex steroids are well-known, however it is increasingly apparent that these hormones have important actions on non-reproductive tissues such as the vasculature. The latter effects can be relevant throughout the lifespan, not just limited to reproductive years, and are not necessarily restricted to one sex or the other. Our work has established that cerebral blood vessels are a non-reproductive target tissue for sex steroids. We have found that estrogen and androgens alter vascular tone, endothelial function, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in cerebral vessels. Often the actions of estrogen and androgens oppose each other. Moreover, it is clear that cerebral vessels are directly targeted by sex steroids as they express specific receptors for these hormones. Interestingly, cerebral blood vessels also express enzymes that metabolize sex steroids. These findings suggest that local synthesis of 17β-estradiol and dihydrotestosterone can occur within the vessel wall. One of the enzymes present, aromatase, converts testosterone to 17β-estradiol, which would alter the local balance of androgenic and estrogenic influences. Thus cerebral vessels are affected by circulating sex hormones as well as locally synthesized sex steroids. The presence of vascular endocrine effector mechanisms has important implications for male-female differences in cerebrovascular function and disease. Moreover, the cerebral circulation is a target for gonadal hormones as well as anabolic steroids and therapeutic drugs used to manipulate sex steroid actions. The long-term consequences of these influences have yet to be determined.
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DOI：
10.1038/jcbfm.2009.226
发表时间：
2010-03
期刊：
Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
--
DOI：
10.1038/jcbfm.2008.115
发表时间：
2009-02
期刊：
Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
8.3
作者：
McNeill, AM;Kim, N;Krause, DN
通讯作者：
Krause, DN
DOI：
10.1152/ajpheart.2000.279.2.h610
发表时间：
2000-08-01
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Geary, GG;Krause, DN;Duckles, SP
通讯作者：
Duckles, SP
DOI：
10.1152/ajpheart.00465.2005
发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Razmara, A;Krause, DN;Duckles, SP
通讯作者：
Duckles, SP