Short-term exposure to particulate matter constituents and mortality in a national study of U.S. urban communities.
Short-term exposure to particulate matter constituents and mortality in a national study of U.S. urban communities.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.1206185
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发表时间：
2013-10
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Peng RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krall JR;Anderson GB;Dominici F;Bell ML;Peng RD
背景资料：虽然PM2.5质量和死亡率之间的关联已经得到了广泛的研究，但很少有国家级的分析估计了PM2.5化学成分对死亡率的影响。流行病学研究报告指出，PM2.5对死亡率的估计影响在空间和季节上各不相同。我们假设，PM2.5成分和死亡率之间的关联不会在空间或季节性变化，如果化学成分的变化有助于在估计的PM2.5死亡率的影响变化。目的：我们的目的是提供第一个国家，特定季节和特定地区的死亡率和PM2.5成分之间的关联。研究方法：我们估计了2000年至2005年美国72个城市社区的非意外死亡率和PM2.5成分之间的短期关联。使用美国环境保护署（EPA）化学形态网络数据，我们分析了7种成分，它们共同构成PM2.5质量的79-85%：有机碳物质（OCM），元素碳（EC），硅，钠离子，硝酸盐，铵和硫酸盐。我们应用泊松时间序列回归模型，控制时间和天气，估计死亡率的影响。结果如下：OCM、EC、硅和钠离子的四分位距增加与死亡率估计增加0.39% [95%后验间隔（PI）：0.08，0.70%]，0.22%[95%后验间隔（PI）：0.08，0.70%]相关。（95%PI：0.00，0.44）、0.17%（95%PI：0.03，0.30）和0.16%（95%PI：0.00，0.32）。我们没有发现死亡率与PM2.5或PM2.5成分之间的关联因季节或地区而异的证据。结论：我们的研究结果表明，PM2.5中的某些成分可能比其他成分更具毒性，因此，仅控制PM总质量可能不足以保护人类健康。引文：Krall JR，安德森GB，Dominici F，Bell ML，Peng RD。2013.美国城市社区国家研究中短期暴露于颗粒物成分和死亡率。环境健康展望121：1148-1153; http：dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1206185
Background: Although the association between PM2.5 mass and mortality has been extensively studied, few national-level analyses have estimated mortality effects of PM2.5 chemical constituents. Epidemiologic studies have reported that estimated effects of PM2.5 on mortality vary spatially and seasonally. We hypothesized that associations between PM2.5 constituents and mortality would not vary spatially or seasonally if variation in chemical composition contributes to variation in estimated PM2.5 mortality effects. Objectives: We aimed to provide the first national, season-specific, and region-specific associations between mortality and PM2.5 constituents. Methods: We estimated short-term associations between nonaccidental mortality and PM2.5 constituents across 72 urban U.S. communities from 2000 to 2005. Using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Chemical Speciation Network data, we analyzed seven constituents that together compose 79–85% of PM2.5 mass: organic carbon matter (OCM), elemental carbon (EC), silicon, sodium ion, nitrate, ammonium, and sulfate. We applied Poisson time-series regression models, controlling for time and weather, to estimate mortality effects. Results: Interquartile range increases in OCM, EC, silicon, and sodium ion were associated with estimated increases in mortality of 0.39% [95% posterior interval (PI): 0.08, 0.70%], 0.22% (95% PI: 0.00, 0.44), 0.17% (95% PI: 0.03, 0.30), and 0.16% (95% PI: 0.00, 0.32), respectively, based on single-pollutant models. We did not find evidence that associations between mortality and PM2.5 or PM2.5 constituents differed by season or region. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that some constituents of PM2.5 may be more toxic than others and, therefore, regulating PM total mass alone may not be sufficient to protect human health. Citation: Krall JR, Anderson GB, Dominici F, Bell ML, Peng RD. 2013. Short-term exposure to particulate matter constituents and mortality in a national study of U.S. urban communities. Environ Health Perspect 121:1148–1153; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1206185
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细颗粒空气污染的成分对加利福尼亚州死亡率的影响：钙钙的结果。
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Ostro, Bart;Feng, Wen-Ying;Broadwin, Rachel;Green, Shelley;Lipsett, Michael
通讯作者：
Lipsett, Michael
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Choi, Jungsoon;Fuentes, Montserrat;Reich, Brian J.
通讯作者：
Reich, Brian J.
DOI：
10.1097/ede.0b013e3181812bb7
发表时间：
2008-09
期刊：
Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Schwartz P
影响因子：
5
作者：
Huang, Wei;Cao, Junji;Zhu, Tong
通讯作者：
Zhu, Tong
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Dominici, F;Peng, RD;Samet, JM
通讯作者：
Samet, JM